the scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.

transmission of traits from one generation to next

alternative form of a gene (ex. earlobe; tall and short)

the genetic code of an individual

phenotype is determined by alternative forms of a single gene called

observable trait/physical appearance of a trait; expression of genotype.

always expressed when the both alleles are dominant (WW)

or even if only one copy of the dominant trait exists (Ww)

are expressed only if both the connected alleles are recessive (homozygous)

alleles are the same (WW or ww)

alleles are different 

WW

ww

Ww

mendel obtianed true-breeding plants

produce offspring that carry the same phenotype as the parent 

pollen from the anther is deposited on the stigma of the same flower or another flower on the same plant

two unlike unit factors responsible for a single character are present in a single individual, one unit factor is dominant to the other, which is said to be recessive 

during the formation of gametes, the paired unit factors (genes) separate or segregate 

the paired unit factors (genes) of each contrasting trait assort or separate independently. 

the factors of other traits and get randomly rearranged in the offspring.

original parents

offspring of parental generation

the individuals resulting from the selfing of the F1 generation

the process by which self-fertilizing individuals from the first generation produce offspring