
Gen Bio 2 - Reviewer
Quiz by Morning Heart Pasamonte
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explains how genetic information flows within a biological system.
Central Dogma, proposed in 1957 and published in 1958, describes the one-way, sequential transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein
Core concept of central dogma
is the genetic material found in the nucleus of cells.It contains genes, which are instructions for making proteins.
has a double-helix structure and is made of nucleotides.
●Stores genetic information
●Serves as a template for replication and transcription
is the fundamental biological process where cells build proteins, essential for structure and function, following instructions from DNA in two main steps: transcription, where DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA), and translation,
is the process by which DNA makes an exact copy of itself.This occurs before cell division.It ensures that each new cell receives the same genetic information.
has uracil instead of thymine.
is the process of copying genetic information from DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA).It takes place in the nucleus.RNA polymerase is the enzyme involved in this process.
RNA polymerase binds to a specific region of DNA called the promoter.The DNA strands unwind and separate.Transcription begins at the start site of the gene.
RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template strand.Complementary RNA nucleotides are added to form an mRNA strand.
RNA polymerase reaches a termination signal on the DNA.The newly formed mRNA is released.RNA polymerase detaches, and the DNA strands rejoin.
is the process of converting mRNA into a protein.It occurs in the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.Amino acids are assembled in the correct order to form a protein.
are the fundamental building blocks of proteins, acting like letters that link together in specific sequences to form complex protein chains (polypeptides)
A sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid.
Darwin visited Islands on HMS Beagle
more individuals born than can survive
changes build up and the species changes over time
physical structure that helps organism survive
chemical that helps organism survive
behavior that helps organism survive
Allows an organism to blend with its environment
bright colors make an organism easily recognized
one species is protected by resembling another species or part of an organism
if one part of a population is separated or isolated from another, speciation is more likely
Branch of biology that names and groups organisms according to their
CHARACTERISTICS
EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY
a Swedish botanist, is the father of modern taxonomy for developing the hierarchical classification system and formalizing binomial nomenclature.
The first person to group or classify organisms was the Greek teacher & philosopher
Linnaeus Devised a new classification system based on
L Linnaeus's system
may have similar structure & function but different embryological origin
Animals whose embryos develop in a similar pattern may be related
based on multiple kinds of evidence Shows evolutionary relationships based on: Morphology Fossil records Embryology Chromosomes Macromolecules (DNA & Proteins)
Monera, Animalia, Fungi, Protista, and plantae.
When writing scientific names, the genus name should always be