The process of changing or altering the genes may be summarized in four basic steps, which among the following steps come first?

For fossils to form, the remains must be covered quickly by __________.

Which of the following is considered a fossil?

At the end of the Mesozoic Era there was a mass extinction. Which of the following is attributed as being the main cause?

Once the new DNA, is formed, which is a combination of fragments of DNA from different sources, it is already termed as:

Once the new DNA is formed, which is a combination of fragments of DNA from different sources, it is already termed as:

Living cells follow a specific hierarchy of command in directing the traits of the individual. What will happen to the new individual cell as a new engineered DNA was introduced to it?

In the field of medical advancement, one of the earliest developments in the field recombinant DNA technology is the production of _______, which is mainly used in the treatment of diabetes.

In this type of Classical Breeding/Artificial Selection, two individuals with unlike characteristics are crossed to produce the best in both organisms.

In this type of Classical Breeding/Artificial Selection, animals with desired characteristics are mated to produce offspring with those desired traits.

It is a type of Classical Breeding/Artificial Selection in which genetically similar organisms are bred to maintain desired traits.

It is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity.

It is a molecule that carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth and reproduction of all known organisms.

It is a DNA molecule used as a vehicle to transfer foreign genetic material into another cell.

It is a virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea.

It is a small, extrachromosomal DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently.

It is a technique in molecular biology for creating multiple copies of DNA from a sample.

What is the meaning of CRISPR?

The following are ways in which plasmids may be introduced into host organisms EXCEPT:

The following nitrogenous bases can be seen in DNA EXCEPT

The following nitrogenous bases can be seen in RNA EXCEPT:

These are also known as layered rocks which had formed in shallow waters when biofilms of living microorganisms, like cyanobacteria, trapped sediment

All of the following Periods belong to Paleozoic Era EXCEPT:

It was an event in which most major groups of animals appeared in the fossil record during the Cambrian Period

It is the largest extinction event in Earth’s History in which 95% of marine life, and 75% of terrestrial life, died out due to volcanic eruptions.

It was an era dominated by the dinosaurs

Which of the following images is considered a fossil?

Which of the following images is considered a fossil?

Which of the following is NOT considered a fossil?

It is a way of fossilization in which the organic contents of bone and wood are replaced with silica, calcite or pyrite, forming a rock-like fossil

It is a way of fossilization in which the organic matter that is present has not changed into another substance

It is a way of fossilization in which the other elements are removed and only the carbon remained.

It is a very unique and rare form of fossilization and is also known as Mummification.

Which of the following is the complete and correct definition of a fossil?

Identify the specific reproductive isolating mechanism: Two species of garter snakes live in the same region but one lives in water and the other on land.

Identify the specific reproductive isolating mechanism: Two species of plants flower at different months

Identify the specific reproductive isolating mechanism: Black sage and White sage grow in the same areas, but hybrids rarely form because flowers of two species have become specialized for distinct pollinator. Black sage flowers are pollinated by small bees while white sage flowers are pollinated by large bees

Identify the specific reproductive isolating mechanism: Blue-footed boobies select their mates only after an elaborate courtship ritual, which is unique to them

Identify the specific reproductive isolating mechanism: Sea urchins of more than one species might reproduce in the same place at the same time, but the sperm of species A might be incompatible with the ova of species B and vice versa.

Identify the mode/type of speciation: Some grasses that grow around mines are tolerant of heavy metals in soil. Meanwhile, neighboring grasses don't live in polluted soil, but they occupy a continuous geographic population. The two grasses have evolved different flowering times (niche).

Identify the mode/type of speciation: When Arizona's Grand Canyon formed, squirrels and other small mammals that had once been part of a single population could no longer contact and reproduce with each other across this new geographic barrier.

Identify the mode/type of speciation: The apple maggot lays its eggs inside an apple, causing it to rot. As the apple falls from the tree, the maggots dig in the ground and emerge as flies later. The original hawthorn species still only lays its eggs in hawthorn apples

Identify the specific reproductive isolating mechanism: When tigers and leopards are crossed, the zygote begins to develop but the pregnancy ends in miscarriage or stillborn

These structures are present in different organisms that have the same underlying structure but may have different functions

These are structures which serve the same function but originated independently in different groups of organisms that do not share a common ancestor.

It is an anatomical feature or behavior that no longer seems to have a purpose in the current form of an organism of the given species.

It is simply passing traits from parent to offspring. In this process, groups of organisms change in their heritable traits over generations.

It is an evidence of evolution which states that all living organisms use the same basic biochemical molecules, including DNA.