Scientific study of social structure

a pattern of organized relationships among groups of people within a society

a view that looks at behavior of groups, not individuals

the ability to see the link between society and self

Study of the origins and development of people and their societies

the branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth.

written record of the past

examines the interaction between human populations and the places in which they live.

Investigates the organization, administration, history, and theory of government

investigates human mental and emotional processes

behavior that matches group expectations

the belief that knowledge should be derived from scientific observation

the study of social stability and order

the study of social change

class owning the means for producing wealth

investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts

person who owns or controls the means for producing wealth

working class; those who labor for the bourgeoisie

the ongoing struggle between the bourgeoisie (owners) and the proletariat (working) classes

social dependency based on a widespread consensus of values and beliefs, enforced conformity, and dependence on tradition and family

social interdependency based on a high degree of specialization in roles

understanding social behavior by putting yourself in the places of others

the mind-set emphasizing knowledge, reason, and planning

Developed Symbolic Interactionism. Believed development of individual was a social process as were the meanings individuals assigned to things

1st black to earn Ph.D. from Harvard, encouraged blacks to resist systems of segregation and discrimination, helped create NAACP in 1910

Social reformer who worked to improve the lives of the working class. In 1889 she founded Hull House in Chicago, the first private social welfare agency in the U.S., to assist the poor, combat juvenile delinquency and help immigrants learn to speak English.

German sociologist that regarded the development of rational social orders as humanity's greatest achievement. Saw bureaucratization (the process whereby labor is divided into an organized community and individuals acquire a sense of personal identity by finding roles for themselves in large systems) as the driving force in modern society.

1818-1883. 19th century philosopher, political economist, sociologist, humanist, political theorist, and revolutionary. Often recognized as the father of communism. Analysis of history led to his belief that communism would replace capitalism as it replaced feudalism. Believed in a classless society.

French philosopher. He developed positivism. In his "The Positive Philosophy", he argued that human thought had developed in three stages. The first was the theological state, the second was the metaphysical, abstract stage, and the the final, positive stage that is based on exact description of phenomena. He believed that positive laws of social behavior could be discovered in the same fashion as laws of physical nature. He is, this, generally regarded as the father of sociology.

Believed in functionalism and the scientific method; saw society as a set of independent parts that maintain a system but each separate part has a function

English philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903)

sociologist who study and promoted feminist issues

a set of assumptions about an area of study accepted as true

approach that emphasizes the contributions made by each part of society

intended and recognized consequences of an aspect of society

unintended and unrecognized consequences of an aspect of society

negative consequence of an aspect of society

patterns of social behavior in groups or society

way in which people's actions are coordinated with their environment

language, norms, values, beliefs, knowledge, symbols, and physical objects shared by a group or society

ability of one party to get other parties to do its will

approach emphasizing the role of conflict, competition, and constraint within a society

Approach that focuses on the interactions among people based on mutually understood symbols

anything that stands for something else and has an agreed upon meaning attached to it

Approach that depicts human interaction as theatrical performances