Range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation absorbed by a given substance

pigment molecule that directly absorbs light and transfers the energy absorbed to other pigment molecules

light-independent reactions of photosynthesis that convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into carbohydrates using the energy and reducing power of ATP and NADPH

process of converting inorganic CO2 gas into organic compounds

photosynthetic pigment that functions to dispose of excess energy

organism that can build organic molecules using energy derived from inorganic chemicals instead of sunlight

form of chlorophyll that absorbs violet-blue and red light and consequently has a bluish-green color; the only pigment molecule that performs the photochemistry by getting excited and losing an electron to the electron transport chain

accessory pigment that absorbs blue and red-orange light and consequently has a yellowish-green tint

organelle in which photosynthesis takes place

group of reversibly oxidizable and reducible proteins that forms part of the

range of all possible frequencies of radiation

group of proteins between PSII and PSI that pass energized electrons and use the energy released by the electrons to move hydrogen ions against their concentration gradient into the thylakoid lumen

stack of thylakoids located inside a chloroplast

organism that consumes organic substances or other organisms for food

complex that passes energy from sunlight to the reaction center in each photosystem; it consists of multiple antenna proteins that contain a mixture of 300-400 chlorophyll a and b molecules as well as other pigments like carotenoids

first stage of photosynthesis where certain wavelengths of the visible light are absorbed to form two energy-carrying molecules (ATP and NADPH)

second stage of photosynthesis, though which carbon dioxide is used to build carbohydrate molecules using energy from ATP and NADPH

middle layer of chlorophyll-rich cells in a leaf

reaction center of photosystem II

reaction center of photosystem I

ejection of an electron from a reaction center using the energy of an absorbed photon

organism capable of producing its own organic compounds from sunlight

distinct quantity or "packet" of light energy

group of proteins, chlorophyll, and other pigments that are used in the light- dependent reactions of photosynthesis to absorb light energy and convert it into chemical energy

integral pigment and protein complex in thylakoid membranes that uses light energy to transport electrons from plastocyanin to NADP+ (which becomes reduced to NADPH in the

integral protein and pigment complex in thylakoid membranes that transports electrons from water to the electron transport chain; oxygen is a product of PSII

molecule that is capable of absorbing certain wavelengths of light and reflecting others (which accounts for its color)

pigment or other organic molecule in the reaction center that accepts an energized electron from the reaction center

complex of chlorophyll molecules and other organic molecules that is assembled around a special pair of chlorophyll molecules and a primary electron acceptor; capable of undergoing oxidation and reduction

gain of electron(s) by an atom or molecule

instrument that can measure transmitted light and compute the absorption

opening that regulates gas exchange and water evaporation between leaves and the environment, typically situated on the underside of leaves

fluid-filled space surrounding the grana inside a chloroplast where the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place

disc-shaped, membrane-bound structure inside a chloroplast where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place; stacks of thylakoids are called grana

aqueous space bound by a thylakoid membrane where protons accumulate during light-driven electron transport

distance between consecutive points of equal position (two crests or two troughs) of a wave in a graphic representation; inversely proportional to the energy of the radiation