Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts | Quizalize

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Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts | Quizalize

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Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts

Quiz by Katyce Nuxoll

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Q 1/20
Score 0
What is bone primarily composed of?
30
Sodium chloride
Calcium phosphate
Magnesium sulfate
Iron oxide
Q 2/20
Score 0
Which cells are responsible for bone formation?
30
Fibroblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteoblasts
Chondrocytes

20 questions

Q.

What is bone primarily composed of?

1

30 sec

Q.

Which cells are responsible for bone formation?

2

30 sec

Q.

What is the main function of osteoclasts?

3

30 sec

Q.

Which tissue do osteocytes primarily originate from?

4

30 sec

Q.

What is the role of bone marrow?

5

30 sec

Q.

What part of the bone is responsible for its strength?

6

30 sec

Q.

What mineral gives bone its hardness?

7

30 sec

Q.

In which part of the skeleton is the femur located?

8

30 sec

Q.

What is the name of the process by which bones are strengthened or weakened?

9

30 sec

Q.

Which hormone is primarily involved in regulating calcium levels in bone?

10

30 sec

Q.

What is the term for the breakdown of bone tissue?

11

30 sec

Q.

Which type of bone is characterized by a dense outer layer and a spongy inner layer?

12

30 sec

Q.

What is the primary function of the bone marrow?

13

30 sec

Q.

What type of cartilage is found at the ends of long bones?

14

30 sec

Q.

What is the role of osteoclasts in bone health?

15

30 sec

Q.

What type of tissue is bone classified as?

16

30 sec

Q.

What is the primary function of bone tissue?

17

30 sec

Q.

What process describes the formation of new bone tissue?

18

30 sec

Q.

Which mineral is predominantly stored in bone tissue?

19

30 sec

Q.

What cells are responsible for bone formation?

20

30 sec

Related quizzes

Perichondrium is vascularized & bone collar formed Perichondrium becomes periosteum with osteoblasts which secrete bone matrix (collar blocks nutrients from reaching chondrocytes) Primary ossification center produced Chondrocytes enlarge,compress matrix (into trabeculae), calcify matrix (release enzymes and osteocalcin), die & leave large empty lacunae (cavity); periosteal bud brings osteoprogenitor cells & osteoblasts which lay down bone (woven) matrix on septa of cartilage matrix Osteoclasts resorb calcified cartilage/bone complex and enlarge cavity which fills with bone marrow; bone replaces cartilage along diaphysis
Primary ossification center produced Chondrocytes enlarge,compress matrix (into trabeculae), calcify matrix (release enzymes and osteocalcin), die & leave large empty lacunae (cavity); periosteal bud brings osteoprogenitor cells & osteoblasts which lay down bone (woven) matrix on septa of cartilage matrix Osteoclasts resorb calcified cartilage/bone complex and enlarge cavity which fills with bone marrow; bone replaces cartilage along diaphysis
COVERINGS OF BONE SURFACE Periosteum: Outer layer of Type I collagen fibers and fibroblasts Sharpey’s (perforating) fibers penetrate the bone matrix and bind periosteum to bone Inner layer of osteoprogenitor cells and osteoblasts Functions: Provide nutrition for osseous tissue Supply osteoblasts for repair or appositional bone growth Endosteum - lines internal cavities (and trabeculae) within bone 1 layer of flat osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, and some connective tissue
OSTEOBLASTS Mature osteoblasts located at bone tissue surfaces; end away from periosteum secretes organic bone matrix. Cuboidal or columnar looking Synthesize and deposit organic components of bone matrix composed of: Type I collagen Osteocalcin- a vitamin- K dependent polypeptide which binds Ca2+ Matrix vesicles rich in alkaline phosphatase which raises PO4- levels in the area. Has receptors for parathyroid hormone and release osteoclast stimulating factors (OSF)
Mature osteoblasts located at bone tissue surfaces; end away from periosteum secretes organic bone matrix. Cuboidal or columnar looking Synthesize and deposit organic components of bone matrix composed of: Type I collagen Osteocalcin- a vitamin- K dependent polypeptide which binds Ca2+ Matrix vesicles rich in alkaline phosphatase which raises PO4- levels in the area. Has receptors for parathyroid hormone and release osteoclast stimulating factors (OSF)
Osteoclasts Very large, multinucleated blood monocytes; ruffled border if active Located in depression of resorbed bone - Howship’s lacunae (aka resorption cavities) Function: bone resorption during bone growth and remodeling Digest collagen; dissolve calcium salt crystals Receptors for calcitonin (from thyroid gland) and for OSF (osteoclast-stimulating factor-1)
Bone growth and remodeling New bone development is balanced with bone resorption Haversian systems are continually being replaced Bone is resorbed from one area and added to another to meet changing stresses placed on it (e.g., weight, posture, fractures) Normal growth dependent on sufficient proteins, minerals, vitamins (A, C, D) and influenced by hormones (growth, thyroid, estrogen/testosterone) Bone is capable of repair because it contains osteoprogenitor cells in the periosteum, endosteum, and bone marrow and is very well vascularized Metabolic role of bone (contains 99% of body’s total calcium in crystals) Transfer calcium from crystals to interstitial fluid and into blood Hormonal Parathyroid - stimulates osteoblasts to secrete osteoclast-stimulating factor thus promoting resorption Calcitonin - inhibits osteoclast activity
OSTEOGENESIS OF BONE (INTRAMEMBRANOUS VS. ENDOCHONDRAL) Intramembranous ossification (most flat bones of skull) Occurs w/in condensations of embryonic mesenchymal cells Differentiate into osteoblasts (takes place in primary ossification center) which surround capillaries Osteoid matrix is produced and then calcified forming trabeculae (islands of bone) of woven (primary) bone; its surface is surrounded by osteoblasts Trabecular growth leads to the fusion of adjacent ossification centers which gradually produce layers of compact bone that encloses spongy (cancellous) bone