Question 1

DAYLIGHT

Which statement explains why daylight and darkness occur on Earth?

Accepted Answer

The earth rotates on its axis.

Answer

The earth axis is tilted

Answer

The earth revolves around the sun

Answer

The sun rotates on its axis.

Question 2

CLONING

Which sheep is Dolly identical to?

Accepted Answer

Sheep 1

Answer

Sheep 2

Answer

Sheep 3

Answer

Dolly's father

Question 3

CLONING

In line 14, the part of the udder that was described as "very small piece" From the article text you can work out as what is meant by "a very small piece"

Accepted Answer

A cell

Answer

A gene

Answer

A cell nucleus

Answer

A chromosome

Question 4

CLOTHES

Which piece of laboratory equipment would be among the equipment you would need to check that the fabric is conducting electricity?

Accepted Answer

Voltmeter

Answer

Light Box

Answer

Sound meter

Answer

Micrometer

Question 5

SUNSCREENS

Which one of these statements is a scientific description of the role of the mineral oil and the zinc oxide in comparing the effectiveness of the sunscreens?

Accepted Answer

Mineral oil and zinc oxide are both reference substances.

Answer

Mineral oil and zinc oxide are both factors being tested.

Answer

Mineral oil is a factor being tested and zinc oxide is a reference substance.

Answer

Mineral oil is a reference substance and zinc oxide is a factor being tested.

Question 6

SUNSCREENS

Which one of these questions were Mimi and Dean trying to answer?

Accepted Answer

How does the protection for each sunscreen compare with the others?

Answer

Is there any sunscreen that gives more protection than zinc oxide?

Answer

Is there any sunscreen that gives less protection than mineral oil?

Answer

How do sunscreens protect your skin from ultraviolet radiation?

Question 7

SUNSCREENS

Why was the second sheet of plastic pressed down?

Accepted Answer

To make the drops the same thickness.

Answer

To stop the drops from drying out.

Answer

To spread the drops out as far as possible.

Answer

To keep the drops inside the marked circles.

Question 8

ACID RAIN

A marble chip has a mass of 2.0 grams before being immersed in vinegar overnight. The chip is removed and dried the next day. What will the mass of the dried marble chip be?

Accepted Answer

Less than 2.0 grams

Answer

Exactly 2.0 grams

Answer

Between 2.0 and 2.4 grams

Answer

More than 2.4 grams

Question 9

GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS

Corn was planted in 200 fields across the country. Why did the scientists use more than one site?

Accepted Answer

To include various growth conditions for corn.

Answer

To see how much GM corn they could grow.

Answer

To cover as much land as possible with the GM crop.

Answer

So that many farmers could try the new GM corn

Question 10

BIODIVERSITY

In lines 9 and 10 it is stated that “Food web A represents a more diverse ecosystem with, as a result, many more alternative feeding pathways.” Look at FOOD WEB A. Only two animals in this food web have three direct (immediate) food sources. Which two animals are they?

Accepted Answer

Native Cat and Parasitic Wasp

Answer

Parasitic Wasp and Leaf Hopper

Answer

Native Cat and Butcher Bird

Answer

Parasitic Wasp and Spider

Answer

Native Cat and Honeyeater

Question 11

BIODIVERSITY

Food webs A and B are in different locations. Imagine if Leaf Hoppers died out in both locations. Which one of these is the best prediction and explanation for the effect this would have on the food webs?

Accepted Answer

The effect would be greater in food web B because the Parasitic Wasp has only one food source in web B.

Answer

The effect would be greater in food web B because the Parasitic Wasp has several food sources in web B.

Answer

The effect would be greater in food web A because the Parasitic Wasp has several food sources in web A.

Answer

The effect would be greater in food web A because the Parasitic Wasp has only one food source in web A.

Question 12

BUSES

What is most likely to happen to the water in the cup?

Accepted Answer

The water will spill over side 2.

Answer

The water will spill over side 1.

Answer

The water will stay horizontal.

Answer

The water will spill but you cannot tell if it will spill at side 1 or side 2.

Question 13

FIT FOR DRINKING

The cleaning of water often happens in several steps, involving different techniques. The cleaning process shown in the figure involves four steps (numbered 1–4). In the second step, the water is collected in a settling pond. In what way does this step make the water cleaner?

Accepted Answer

Gravel and sand sink to the bottom.

Answer

Oxygen is added to the water.

Answer

The bacteria in the water die.

Answer

Toxic substances are broken down.

Question 14

TOOTH DECAY

What is the role of bacteria in dental caries?

Accepted Answer

Bacteria produce acid.

Answer

Bacteria produce enamel.

Answer

Bacteria produce sugar.

Answer

Bacteria produce minerals.

Question 15

The following graph shows the consumption of sugar and the amount of caries in different countries. Each country is represented by a dot in the graph.

Which one of the following statements is supported by the data given in the graph?

Accepted Answer

The more sugar people eat, the more likely they are to get caries.

Answer

In recent years, the consumption of sugar has increased in many countries.

Answer

In recent years, the rate of caries has increased in many countries.

Answer

In some countries, people brush their teeth more frequently than in other countries.

Question 16

HOT WORK

Peter is working on repairs to an old house. He has left a bottle of water, some metal nails, and a piece of timber inside the boot of his car. After the car has been out in the sun for three hours, the temperature inside the car reaches about 40 ºC.

For drinks during the day, Peter has a cup of hot coffee, at a temperature of about 90 ºC, and a cup of cold mineral water, with a temperature of about 5 ºC. The cups are of identical type and size and the volume of each drink is the same. Peter leaves the cups sitting in a room where the temperature is about 20 ºC.

What are the temperatures of the coffee and the mineral water likely to be after 10 minutes?

Accepted Answer

70 ºC and 10 ºC

Answer

70 ºC and 25 ºC

Answer

20 ºC and 20 ºC

Answer

90 ºC and 5 ºC

Question 17

MOUSEPOX

Critics have expressed concern that the mousepox virus could infect species other than mice. Which one of the following reasons is the best explanation for this concern?

Accepted Answer

A mutation in mousepox DNA might allow the virus to infect other animals.

Answer

The genes of smallpox virus and the genes of modified mousepox virus are identical.

Answer

A mutation could make the mousepox DNA identical to smallpox DNA.

Answer

The number of genes in mousepox virus is the same as in other pox viruses.

Question 18

TOBACCO SMOKING

Tobacco is smoked in cigarettes, cigars and pipes. Research shows that tobacco-related diseases kill nearly 13 500 people worldwide every day. It is predicted that, by 2020, tobacco-related diseases will cause 12% of all deaths globally.

Tobacco smoke contains many harmful substances. The most damaging substances are tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide

Tobacco smoke is inhaled into the lungs. Tar from the smoke is deposited in the lungs and this prevents the lungs from working properly.

Which one of the following is a function of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

To transfer some of the oxygen that you breathe to your blood

Answer

To convert carbon dioxide molecules into oxygen molecules

Answer

To pump oxygenated blood to all parts of your body

Answer

To purify your blood by reducing the carbon dioxide content to zero

Question 19

Some people use nicotine patches to help them to give up smoking. The patches are put on skin and release nicotine into the blood. This helps to relieve cravings and withdrawal symptoms when people have stopped smoking.

To study the effectiveness of nicotine patches, a group of 100 smokers who want to give up smoking is chosen randomly. The group is to be studied for six months. The effectiveness of the nicotine patches is to be measured by finding out how many people in the group have not resumed smoking by the end of the study.

Which one of the following is the best experimental design?

Accepted Answer

Half are randomly chosen to use patches and the other half do not use them.

Answer

People choose whether or not they will use patches to help give up smoking.

Answer

All the people in the group wear the patches.

Answer

All wear patches except one person who tries to give up smoking without them.

Question 20

STARLIGHT

Toshio likes to look at stars. However, he cannot observe stars very well at night because he lives in a large city.

Last year Toshio visited the countryside where he observed a large number of stars that he cannot see when he is in the city

Why can many more stars be observed in the countryside than in large cities?

Accepted Answer

The brightness of city lights makes many stars hard to see.

Answer

The air is warmer in cities due to heat emitted by cars, machinery and houses.

Answer

There is more dust to reflect light in country air than in city air.

Answer

The moon is brighter in cities and blocks out the light from many stars.

Question 21

Toshio uses a telescope with a large diameter lens in order to observe stars of low brightness.

Why does using a telescope with a large diameter lens make it possible to observe stars of low brightness?

Accepted Answer

The larger the lens the more light is collected.

Answer

The larger the lens the more it magnifies.

Answer

Larger lenses allow more of the sky to be seen.

Answer

Larger lenses can detect the dark colours in stars.

Question 22

LIP GLOSS

Oils and waxes are substances that will mix well together. Oils cannot be mixed with water, and waxes are not soluble in water.

Which one of the following is most likely to happen if a lot of water is splashed into the lipstick mixture while it is being heated?

Accepted Answer

Fatty lumps of the mixture float on the water.

Answer

The mixture is hardly changed at all.

Answer

A creamier and softer mixture is produced.

Answer

The mixture becomes firmer.

Question 23

When substances called emulsifiers are added, they allow oils and waxes to mix well with water.

Why does soap and water remove lipstick?

Accepted Answer

The soap and lipstick combine to form an emulsifier that mixes with the water.

Answer

Emulsifiers in the lipstick allow the soap and water to mix.

Answer

Water contains an emulsifier that allows the soap and lipstick to mix.

Answer

The soap acts as an emulsifier and allows the water and lipstick to mix.

Question 24

BREAD DOUGH

Fermentation causes the dough to rise. Why does the dough rise?

Accepted Answer

The dough rises because a gas, carbon dioxide, is produced.

Answer

The dough rises because of single-celled fungi reproducing in it.

Answer

The dough rises because fermentation turns water into a vapour.

Answer

The dough rises because alcohol is produced and turns into a gas.

Question 25

A few hours after mixing the dough, the cook weighs the dough and observes that its weight has decreased. The weight of the dough is the same at the start of each of the four experiments shown below.

Which two experiments should the cook compare to test if the yeast is the cause of the loss of weight?

Accepted Answer

The cook should compare experiments 3 and 4.

Answer

The cook should compare experiments 1 and 3.

Answer

The cook should compare experiments 1 and 2.

Answer

The cook should compare experiments 2 and 4

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