PRETEST IN BIOTECHNOLOGY

Selecting and sowing the seeds from the strongest, most desirable plants to produce the next generation of crops

Allow plant breeders to select genes that produce beneficial traits and move them from one organism to another.

Introduce genetic material from other plants and organisms.

Produce renewable plant-based energy and industrial products and biological agents to clean up contaminated soils.

Crops are designed to resist insect and viral pest or tolerate broad-spectrum herbicides account for most of the biotechnology crops available commercially.

Agricultural biotechnology companies have avoided using genetic material from nuts, soybeans, milk, eggs, fish and crustaceans foods in developing biotechnology products.

Farmers adopt biotechnology products because they deliver value by reducing operating and input expenses.

Large-scale gene flow occurs during agriculture biotechnology applications.

All of the above

improve plants' disease resistance       

generate new hybrid strains

improve yield

A hybrid organism

Any agricultural organism produced by breeding or biotechnology

A plant with certain genes removed

An organism with artificially altered genome

The availability and stability of DNA.

The ethics of using information from genomes at the individual level.

The inability to develop fast and accurate sequencing techniques.

All of the above

an electrophoresis gel

a polymerase chain reaction

a restriction enzyme

a plasmid

To produce vaccines and medicines that will improve health.

To increase the effectiveness and efficiency of plant breeding.

To manipulate genes and tissues and achieve the desirable traits of organisms.

To sustain the food, fuel needs and employment security of the world.

Bioremediation

Domestication     

Fermentation

Selection

Eliminate or reduce diseases.

Develop livestock whose desirable traits have strong heritable components and can therefore be propagated.

Adding of any foreign genetic material(DNA) into the organism.

Create new varieties of good crops.

Associated with bioterrorism or biological weapons.

Draws inspiration from industrial biotech to design more energy-efficient, less polluting, and low resource-consuming processes and products.

Relates to medicine and veterinary products.

Emphasizes on agriculture that involves creating new plant varieties.

Selective breeding involves choosing parents with particular characteristics to breed together and produce offspring with more desirable characteristics.

Inbreeding refers to the breeding from closely related people or animals, especially over many generations.

Selective breeding in animals allows continuous inheritance of diseases.

Hybridization refers to the process of animal and plant breeding with an individual of another species or variety.

lipids

proteins

carbohydrates

DNA and RNA

Each DNA molecule is a single gene.

mRNA molecules are similar to DNA in terms of structure.

Gene is a DNA sequence that contains instructions to make lipids.

DNA molecules are in the shape of a double helix.

The breaking of the hydrogen bonds causes the RNA to unzip.

At the beginning of protein synthesis, a section of a DNA molecule unwinds or unzips.

All DNA is normally located in the nucleus of our cells.

DNA is composed of amino acids, phosphates, sugars, and bases.

Three nucleotides

Hundreds of nucleotides

 RNA and phosphate group

One nucleotide