Question 1

A photograph of a litter of six-week-old bulldog puppies shows that the puppies are not identical.

Even though these puppies have the same parents, they do not all look alike because —

Accepted Answer

each puppy has a different combination of genetic material as a result of sexual reproduction

Answer

some of the puppies have genetic material from only one of the parents

Answer

all the puppies developed from the same fertilized egg

Answer

they were produced by asexual cloning

Question 2

A photograph of a bird perched on a fence post is shown.

Which description best identifies the action-reaction pair between the bird and the fence post?

Accepted Answer

Action: The force of the bird on the fence post

Reaction: The force of the fence post on the bird

Answer

Action: The force of the fence post on the bird

Reaction: The force of the bird on the wires

Answer

Action: The force of the wires on the fence post

Reaction: The force of the fence post on the bird

Answer

Action: The force of the bird on the wires

Reaction: The force of the wires on the fence post

Question 3

Farmers can best reduce negative effects on the water quality of nearby streams and lakes by planting crops that —

Accepted Answer

need less fertilizer

Answer

need less solar energy

Answer

produce less oxygen

Answer

produce less carbon dioxide

Question 4

Buffelgrass is an invasive species of grass from Africa that outcompetes native Texas grasses for space and water. Which long-term change to a Texas grassland would most likely occur due to the introduction of buffelgrass?

Accepted Answer

The population of native grasses will decrease.

Answer

Buffelgrass offspring will develop traits like those of other invasive species.

Answer

Buffelgrass offspring will develop traits like those of native grasses.

Answer

The population of native grasses will increase.

Question 5

Two students record the distance they each traveled in $60$ seconds in the data table shown.

If the students continue at the same speed, which statement describes the total distance traveled after $90$ seconds?

Accepted Answer

Student $60$ traveled $60m$ , and student $2$ traveled $30m$ .

Answer

Student $60$ traveled $60m$ , and student $2$ traveled $30m$ .

Answer

Student $60$ traveled $60m$ , and student $2$ traveled $30m$ .

Answer

Student $60$ traveled $60m$ , and student $2$ traveled $30m$ .

Question 6

A Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram is shown.

A star that has a luminosity of $10^{-2}$ and a temperature of $90$ $K$ is most likely a —

Accepted Answer

White dwarf

Answer

Red giant

Answer

Main sequence

Answer

Blue giant

Question 7

Maps of predicted weather conditions are shown.

Which answer choice best describes the weather at location $10^{-2}$ on Day 1 and Day 2?

Accepted Answer

Day 1: cold and rainy

Day 2: clear and sunny

Answer

Day 1: warm and wind

Day 2: cloudy and cold

Answer

Day 1: warm and rainy

Day 2: cool with more rain

Answer

Day 1: clear and cool

Day 2: warm and rainy

Question 8

Oxygen and oxygen-containing compounds are involved in many different reactions. Which balanced equation represents a reaction that involves 14 atoms of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

$2C_2H_6+7O_2\rightarrow4CO_2+6H_2O$

Answer

$2C_2H_6+7O_2\rightarrow4CO_2+6H_2O$

Answer

$2C_2H_6+7O_2\rightarrow4CO_2+6H_2O$

Answer

$2C_2H_6+7O_2\rightarrow4CO_2+6H_2O$

Question 9

Two plant species that grow in the same area are shown.

Which statement best explains a difference between Plant 1 and Plant 2?

Accepted Answer

Plant 1 obtains more water from the soil because of its root surface area and root depth.

Answer

Plant 2 obtains more sunlight because of its root surface area and root depth.

Answer

Plant 1 obtains more sunlight because of its root surface area and root depth.

Answer

Plant 2 obtains more water from the soil because of its root surface area and root depth.

Question 10

A Texas Gulf Coast energy pyramid is shown with representative organisms at each trophic level.

Which statement best describes the flow of energy through this pyramid?

Accepted Answer

The trophic level represented by redfish and flounder receives energy directly from the secondary consumers.

Answer

The trophic level represented by wire grass and phytoplankton receives energy directly from the primary consumers.

Answer

The trophic level represented by shrimp and copepods receives energy directly from the tertiary consumers.

Answer

The trophic level represented by catfish and gobies receives energy directly from the producers.

Question 11

What function do both cell membranes and cell walls perform?

Accepted Answer

Allowing water to move into and out of cells

Answer

Producing energy for cellular processes

Answer

Directing the reproduction of the cell

Answer

Synthesizing genetic material

Question 12

Which of these observations is an indication that a chemical reaction has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A solid forms when two clear solutions are mixed.

Answer

Sugar crystals form on the sides of a boiling pot of sugar water.

Answer

Steam forms above boiling water.

Answer

A solid forms when a clear solution is frozen.

Question 13

Which statement best explains why the sun appears brighter to people on Earth than any other star?

Accepted Answer

The sun is closer to Earth than any other star.

Answer

The sun burns at a higher temperature than any other star.

Answer

Sunlight reaches Earth’s atmosphere at an angle that causes the sun’s light rays to intensify.

Answer

Unique chemical reactions in the sun’s core produce a high-energy wavelength of light.

Question 14

Students jump rope for one minute to determine changes in heart rate and breathing rate. Their data are shown in the table.

Which table explains the functions of the two body systems that the students investigated?

Accepted Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/aba1625c-fc9b-40e6-8394-fb29f3ac57c7/question/71eab8c37ec0131d15919ff4bf0e6c40934b5b04.png

Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/aba1625c-fc9b-40e6-8394-fb29f3ac57c7/question/ace9f2a69a14e65f744cc910219f3f052715f2f9.png

Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/aba1625c-fc9b-40e6-8394-fb29f3ac57c7/question/15adb20760b520c67a5e5059922246e4d44d033c.png

Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/aba1625c-fc9b-40e6-8394-fb29f3ac57c7/question/4ee8f2846cdfa1ab58edf9b206e4f29644d01bbb.png

Question 15

The diagram shows how a cylinder in a car engine causes the car to move.

Which description of the energy conversions in this process is correct?

Accepted Answer

The chemical energy in the fuel-air mixture is converted to thermal energy, which is then converted to mechanical energy.

Answer

The mechanical energy in the fuel-air mixture is converted to electrical energy, which is then converted to thermal energy.

Answer

The electrical energy in the fuel-air mixture is converted to mechanical energy, which is then converted to thermal energy.

Answer

The thermal energy in the fuel-air mixture is converted to electrical energy, which is then converted to mechanical energy.

Question 16

The model shows Earth in four different positions in its orbit around the sun.

Which statement correctly explains which position of Earth represents summer in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Position 2, because the Northern Hemisphere tilts toward the sun

Answer

Position 3, because Earth is at its closest point to the sun in its orbit

Answer

Position 1, because the Western Hemisphere is facing the sun

Answer

Position 4, because Earth is traveling at its fastest rate in its orbit

Question 17

The speed of an object over time is shown in the graph.

Which table describes the object’s motion?

Accepted Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/aba1625c-fc9b-40e6-8394-fb29f3ac57c7/question/b5f6aaddb87389b447285a7cff704ec291157d0f.png

Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/aba1625c-fc9b-40e6-8394-fb29f3ac57c7/question/c8e8a642e8deacb340d8f1bc9b66682ad4f8d0fb.png

Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/aba1625c-fc9b-40e6-8394-fb29f3ac57c7/question/b3a40b71b52d07c12041acc52385bdac7b4ee83d.png

Answer

https://uploads.quizalize.com/aba1625c-fc9b-40e6-8394-fb29f3ac57c7/question/603092b134bf78f2e554efaa94d22e0166990622.png

Question 18

Four students designed and built air propelled rockets that were launched into the air. Their data are recorded in the table.

Which rocket had the greatest acceleration?

Accepted Answer

Rocket 3

Answer

Rocket 2

Answer

Rocket 4

Answer

Rocket 1

Question 19

Sea anemones and clown fish live together in the ocean. Which statement best describes one way sea anemones depend on clown fish for an abiotic factor in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Clown fish move water near sea anemones when dissolved oxygen levels are low.

Answer

Clown fish consume the remains of organisms paralyzed by sea anemones.

Answer

Clown fish protect sea anemones from predatory fish.

Answer

Clown fish decrease competition among sea anemones.

Question 20

The picture shows a bicyclist increasing speed while riding down a hill during a bicycle race.

Which statements accurately describe the potential and kinetic energy of this bicyclist?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy increases.

Potential energy decreases.

Answer

Kinetic energy increases.

Potential energy remains constant.

Answer

Kinetic energy remains constant.

Potential energy decreases.

Answer

Kinetic energy remains constant.

Potential energy increases.

Question 21

Trees lose water through transpiration, when water evaporates from leaves. The list describes types of tree leaves that help reduce the amount of transpiration.

Which of these is most likely observed in an area experiencing a long-term drought?

Accepted Answer

Trees with leaves that have waxy coverings will be more healthy than trees without wax-covered leaves.

Answer

Trees with leaves without any hairlike structures will be more healthy than trees with leaves covered by hairlike structures.

Answer

Trees with broad leaves will be more healthy than trees with needlelike leaves.

Answer

Trees with broad leaves will be more healthy than trees with small, flat leaves.

Question 22

Two oceanic plates are shown in the image.

Which type of boundary results in the spreading of the oceanic ridge?

Accepted Answer

Divergent boundary

Answer

Convergent boundary

Answer

Subduction boundary

Answer

Transform boundary

Question 23

Alpha Centauri appears as a bright object visible in the Milky Way galaxy. Alpha Centauri is actually a system of three objects. Each object produces light and rotates on its own axis. The system is an average of 4 light-years from Earth.

Based on this information, the three objects that make up the Alpha Centauri system are all —

Accepted Answer

stars

Answer

comets

Answer

asteroids

Answer

planets

Question 24

Students performed a lab investigation on chemical reactions. The students put on goggles and plastic gloves and then followed these steps.

Which observation would indicate that a chemical reaction occurred?

Accepted Answer

The temperature of the vinegar increased during step 4.

Answer

The steel wool sank into the vinegar in step 3.

Answer

The vinegar took the shape of the container in step 1.

Answer

The steel wool changed shape during step 6.

Question 25

A Texas Gulf Coast food web is shown.

According to this food web, which organisms would the bobcat and diamondback rattlesnake compete for if the mouse population and swamp rabbit population decreased?

Accepted Answer

Sparrow and Eastern cottontail rabbit

Answer

Raccoon and sparrow

Answer

Sparrow and seeds

Answer

Raccoon and Eastern cottontail rabbit

Question 26

The chart shows properties of four elements.

Based on these properties, which element is most likely a nonmetal?

Accepted Answer

Element 2

Answer

Element 1

Answer

Element 4

Answer

Element 3

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