Q 1/54
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The Guam rail is a flightless bird found on the island of Guam. It builds a shallow nest on the ground and lays eggs throughout the year. There are no native species of snakes on Guam, so the Guam rail had no experience with snake predators until the brown tree snake was accidentally introduced sometime between 1944 and 1952. These snakes, which eat a wide variety of animal species, quickly established a large population on Guam. How was the Guam rail most likely affected by the introduction of the brown tree snake?
29
The Guam rail quickly developed the ability to fly in order to escape from the brown tree snake.
The brown tree snake ate only species that lived in trees, so it had no effect on the Guam rail.
The population of the Guam rail declined, and the species nearly became extinct.
The Guam rail began to build its nests in trees.

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Q1
The Guam rail is a flightless bird found on the island of Guam. It builds a shallow nest on the ground and lays eggs throughout the year. There are no native species of snakes on Guam, so the Guam rail had no experience with snake predators until the brown tree snake was accidentally introduced sometime between 1944 and 1952. These snakes, which eat a wide variety of animal species, quickly established a large population on Guam. How was the Guam rail most likely affected by the introduction of the brown tree snake?
The Guam rail quickly developed the ability to fly in order to escape from the brown tree snake.
The brown tree snake ate only species that lived in trees, so it had no effect on the Guam rail.
The population of the Guam rail declined, and the species nearly became extinct.
The Guam rail began to build its nests in trees.
60s
7.11(B)
Q2
Different relative positions of the sun, the moon, and Earth have different effects on Earth’s oceans. Which model shows the positions of the sun, the moon, and Earth that have the greatest effect on ocean tides?
60s
6.9(B)
Q3
The main parts of a working clothes dryer are shown in the diagram. This appliance dries clothes primarily by converting —
mechanical energy to heat and electrical energy
mechanical energy to heat and vaporization
electrical energy to heat and mechanical energy
electrical energy to heat and light
60s
6.8(B)
Q4
Which list of characteristics describes organisms classified as animals?
Multicellular, eukaryotic, autotrophic
Multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic
Unicellular, prokaryotic, autotrophic
Unicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic
60s
6.13(B)
Q5
An athlete is trying to lift some weights. He successfully lifts 200 N weights, but when he tries to lift 400 N weights, he is unsuccessful. Which of these correctly compares the amount of work the athlete does on the weights?
The athlete does work on both the 200 N weights and the 400 N weights.
The athlete does work on the 200 N weights but does no work on the 400 N weights.
The athlete does no work on either the 200 N weights or the 400 N weights
The athlete does no work on the 200 N weights but does work on the 400 N weights.
60s
6.8(B)
Q6
A student drew the picture of a human body system shown below. The student labeled some of the organs of the system. The main function of this human body system is to —
exchange gases with the environment
sense odors in the environment
chew food as it enters the mouth
trap particles that enter the nose
60s
7.13(A)
Q7
A phase of the moon is shown below Which pair of diagrams shows the moon’s phase immediately before and immediately after this phase?
60s
5.KS(9)
Q8
Many Texas caves provide a habitat for animals that live in total darkness. The caves are damp and cool, and most of the caves are rich in the mineral calcite. The diagram below shows the relationships of some organisms involved in a cave ecosystem. Based on the diagram, which of the following statements is valid?
Owls are predators of bats, and bats are predators of moths
None of the above
Beetles compete with bats and cave spiders.
Snakes prey on bats and owls.
60s
6.12(A)
Q9
Coal contains carbon and other elements. Carbon dioxide forms when coal burns in the presence of oxygen. Which of these is the best evidence that a chemical reaction occurs when coal burns?
The shape of the coal changes.
Oxygen is present.
A new substance is produced.
Coal is made up of more than one element.
60s
8.6(E)
Q10
A student wants to use a spinning basketball to model the day-and-night cycle on Earth. What should the student do in order to best model the cause of the day-and-night cycle?
Spin the ball in different directions
Tilt the ball while it is spinning
Paint one half of the ball black and the other half white
Shine a bright light on one side of the ball
60s
6.9(A)
Q11
The atoms of a certain element each contain 11 protons and 1 valence electron. Which statement correctly identifies this element and describes its chemical reactivity?
The element is sodium, and it is not very reactive.
The element is sodium, and it is highly reactive.
The element is fluorine, and it is not very reactive.
The element is fluorine, and it is highly reactive
60s
C.6(B)
Q12
60s
7.7(A)
Q13
Thunderstorms are more common in some areas than in others. The map shows the average number of thunderstorms per year in different parts of the United States. Why are there significantly more thunderstorms in Florida than in California?
The air in Florida is more stable than the air in California.
The state of Florida is smaller than the state of California.
The air above Florida holds less moisture than the air above California
The ocean currents near Florida are warmer than the ocean currents near California.
60s
8.10(C)
Q14
During a demonstration of Newton’s laws of motion, a student used the setup shown in Figure 1. The student flicked the index card with a fingertip, and the coin fell straight down into a plastic cup as shown in Figure 2. Which of these best explains why the coin fell straight down into the cup instead of remaining on the index card?
The acceleration of the coin falling into the cup was equal and opposite to the acceleration of the card.
The coin was at rest until the card was removed, so it tended to remain in the same location. Once the card was gone, the unbalanced force of gravity caused the coin to fall.
The card had less mass than the coin, so a smaller force of gravity acted on the card. The larger force of gravity on the coin made it fall.
Moving the card applied an action force on the coin. Since the card was gone, gravity applied a reaction force on the coin.
60s
8.7(B)
Q15
For an investigation a student records data about four unknown substances. The student then calculates the densities of the unknown substances and compares them with the table of densities of known substances shown below. Which unknown substance is most likely carbon?
Substance 3
Substance 4
Substance 2
Substance 1
60s
6.6(D)