A theory prominent from the 1950s to the 1980s, that speculated that if one country in a region came under the influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would follow in a this effect.

A war fought between December 1946 and August 1954 which was a struggle between the Viet Minh and the French for control of the Vietnam. The end result was that North Vietnam became communist while South Vietnam struggled to stay a democracy.

Agreements which took place in Switzerland that temporarily separated Vietnam into two zones, a northern zone to be governed by the Việt Minh, and a southern zone to be governed by the State of Vietnam.

A national independence coalition formed in 1941 who formed to seek independence for Vietnam from the French Empire. After World War II, they opposed the re-occupation of Vietnam by France and later opposed South Vietnam and the United States in the Vietnam War.

The military arm of the National Liberation Front established at the end of 1960, it was created by the North Vietnamese communists to escalate the armed struggle in South Vietnam.

The South Vietnamese Army (SVA), were the ground forces of the Republic of Vietnam Military Forces, the armed forces of South Vietnam, which existed from 1955 until the Fall of Saigon in 1975.

A way of life and set of attitudes opposed to or at variance with the prevailing social norm.

A broad political movement mainly in the 1960's and 1970's who sought to implement a broad range of reforms on issues such as gay rights, abortion, gender roles, drugs, and Vietnam.

A member of a liberal counterculture which was originally a youth movement that started in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid-1960's and spread to other countries around the world.

A college campus phenomenon inspired first by the struggle for civil rights and later fueled by opposition to the Vietnam War.

A dominant group or elite that holds power or authority in a nation or organization.

A social movement, usually in opposition to a particular nation's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause.

The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.

A decision by the United States Supreme Court that defined the constitutional rights of students in U.S. public schools in 1969.

A decision that gave U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson authorization, without a formal declaration of war by Congress, for the use of conventional military force and the ability to draft soldiers into Southeast Asia.

A strategy during war in which forces do not confront each other in direct combat with the full strength of their teams, but instead aim to wear each other down over a period of time.

One of the herbicides used by the U.S. military as part of its herbicidal warfare program during the Vietnam War from 1961 to 1971.

An inflammable liquid used in warfare as an incendiary device against buildings and later primarily as an anti-personnel weapon, as it sticks to skin and causes severe burns when on fire.

The Vietnamese New Year observed during the first several days of the lunar calendar beginning at the second new moon after the winter solstice.

On January 20, 1968 over 80,000 Vietcong troops emerged from their tunnels and attacked nearly every major metropolitan center in South Vietnam in which even American embassy in SAIGON was attacked. Public confidence lost in US government.

A term that came into wide use with journalism, political and public discourse in the United States during the 1960's and 1970's which was used to describe public skepticism about the Lyndon B. Johnson administration's statements and policies on the Vietnam War.

The Vietnam War mass killing of over 450 unarmed civilians in South Vietnam on March 16, 1968 committed by 26 U.S. Army soldiers in which some of the women were gang-raped and their bodies mutilated.

A form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.

A situation that occurred at Kent State University which involved the shooting of unarmed college students by the Ohio National Guard on Monday, May 4, 1970

A policy of the Richard Nixon administration to end U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War through a program to train South Vietnam's forces and assign to them an ever-increasing combat role, at the same time steadily reducing the number of U.S. combat troops

An American emergency law that increased Federal power during World War II which was signed by FDR less than two weeks after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

A federal law passed in 1973 which intends to check the president's power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of the U.S. Congress.

The capture of Saigon, the capital of South Vietnam, by the Việt Cộng on April 30, 1975. The event marked the end of the Vietnam War and the start of a transition period to the formal reunification of Vietnam under the Socialist Republic.

A United States Department of Defense history of the United States' political-military involvement in Vietnam from 1945 to 1967. The papers were discovered and demonstrated, among other things, that the Johnson Administration "systematically lied, not only to the public but also to Congress."

A law requiring people of a certain age to serve in the military

American policy of resisting further expansion of communism around the world

President Johnson Claimed that torpedoes had been fired at American ships near Vietnam

period of the 1950's - 1960's that addressed the unequal treatment of African-Americans and other minority groups

attorney for NAACP successfully argued the Brown v. Board of Ed case and would later become the first African-American Supreme Court Justice.

led the 13 month long boycott of public buses, successfully ending the city's segregated bus system

refused to give up her seat on the bus in Montgomery, local leaders organized a boycott in protest

Governor of Arkansas that ordered National Guard soldiers to block entrance of nine black students to Central High School, later overruled by President Eisenhower

Governor of Georgia from 1967 to 1975, came to prominence as a staunch segregationist,when he refused to serve black customers in his Atlanta restaurant despite the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Alabama Governor that blocked two African-American students from attending the University of Alabama

King explained why African-Americans could no longer wait for equality

was leading Black Muslim who believed that equality may require the use of violence to be achieved

gave young African- Americans a greater voice in the civil rights movement; organized sit-in demonstrations in the south

site of bombing which killed four young African-American children and injured many more

The court ruling that "separate-but-equal" was constitutional.

prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, or ethnic origin in public places and in employment

federal program designed to actively recruit minorities for employment

federal law suspended literacy tests where they were used to prevent African-Americans from voting

was a white Christian preacher and outspoken opponent of segregation once paid to bail out Martin Luther King, Jr. out of jail.

led to the federal court ruling that segregation on city buses violated the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment

name given to the nine black students that attempted to enroll in "all white" Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas.

organized in 1963 to convince Congress to pass Civil Rights legislation highlighted by famous "I have a Dream Speech" by Martin Luther King , Jr.

group that believed that African-Americans should rely more on themselves by controlling their own communities and businesses

Congress of Racial Equality, used peaceful confrontation to effect social change

southern laws that prevented blacks from sharing public facilities including theaters, beaches, restaurants, water fountains or buses with whites

landmark court case ruled that segregated schools were "inherently unequal" ordered their integration "with all deliberate speed".

court case involving an African-American student entering the University of Texas School of Law, court ruled that he should allowed to attend with white law students.

broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball, playing for the Brooklyn Dodgers

began in Greensboro, North Carolina when four students sat at a "whites only" lunch counter.

activists used buses to protest segregation in interstate terminals

belief that if government passed unjust laws people should oppose it with protests, boycotts and other non-violent tactics

forbid states from imposing a poll tax in order to vote in federal elections

organized and fought for migrant farm workers' rights, many of whom were Mexican-American

Southern Christian Leadership Conference, founded in 1957 by southern ministers fighting for equal rights led by Martin Luther King, Jr.

1964 law that prohibits discrimination based on gender, race, or religion.

Mexican American leader who worked to improve life for migrant farm workers

First appointee of Obama

a 1954 supreme court decision that extended protection against discrimination to Hispanics

strengthens freedom of religion; mandatory school attendance until 16 unless you're Amish

Challenged a racially based legislative reapportionment scheme in Texas. Did not allow reapportionment that would racially segregate districts that would cause discrimination against racial or ethnic groups.

(1973) legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy

States cannot deny any person the right to vote because of race.

brought higher education for African Americans

Founder of the NAACP and pushed for African American rights