mountain that forms in Earth's crust when molten material (magma) reaches the surface

molten mixture of rock, gases and water that is in the Earth's mantle.

molten rock, gases and water that are on Earth's surface

a major belt of volcanoes around the Pacific Ocean

form volcanoes when magma rises between 2 plates that are moving apart at the boundary

form volcanoes where 2 plates collide

forms on a plate but not at a boundary; the hot spot stays in one place for millions of years while the plates move over them

pocket of magma beneath Earth's surface where magma collects

long tube that extends from Earth's crust up through the top of the volcano

opening where molten rock and gas leave the volcano

the spread of lava as it pours out of the vent

bowl shaped area that forms around the vent

volcano that is erupting or will erupt in the near future

also known as sleeping; volcano that scientists expect to become active again

also known as dead; unlikely to ever erupt again

determines if a volcano will have an explosive eruption or a quiet eruption

occur when magma is thin and runny due to low silica content

occur when magma is thick and sticky due to high silica content

energy harnessed from the super heated water beneath the surface of the Earth near a volcano

rock used in construction that is formed by volcanic activity

formed where snow and ice on top of a volcano melt and create mudflows that travel down slopes of volcano

using seawater to cool the lava more quickly after an eruption

use bombs to destroy lava tubes to expose the magma to air to cool it more quickly

steep, cone shaped hill formed when ash and cinders build up around the vent

cone shaped mountain formed when lava flows and explosive eruptions alternate

gently sloping mountain formed from hot spots on the ocean floor