first permanent English settlement in Americas

Vote

labored for 4-7 years

Diversity, trade, ship building, fishing, large ports

large plantations, cattle farms, cotton, tobacco, sugar, indigo, few cities

emigrated to create a model society; John Winthrop- first governor

separated from Puritans, founded Plymouth Colony and wrote the Mayflower Compact- just and equal laws and majority rule

founded by William Penn, Quakers, representative assembly, good relations with Natives, open to immigrants

grow for sale rather than farmer's use

originally indentured servants did the work, later replaced by African slaves

three-way process involving Rum, captured Africans and finished goods

few legal rights

Aboveground houses made of a heavy clay.

credited with discovering "new world"

estimates of the # of native americans who died after contact

global transfer of living things

The minor nobility of Spain. Often they possessed little wealth and were interested in improving their position through the overseas empire.

the establishment of distant settlements controlled by the parent country

European diseases brought to the Americas that devastated indigenous populations

European settles turned to this alternative source of labor with the decimation of indigenous populations

brought to Europe during the columbian exchange

brought to the Americans during the Columbian exchange

the columbian exchange has been terms THIS because of how it completely changed the environment, world, access to food and livestock

Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)

rifles, cannons, and horses

A Spanish conqueror of the Americas

Spanish colonial possessions in Mesoamerica; included most of central Mexico; based on imperial system of Aztecs

a person born on the Iberian Peninsula; typically, a Spanish or Portuguese official who resided temporarily in Latin America for political and economic gain and then returned to Europe

member of the highest class in Spain's colonies in the Americas

A person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.

A new racial concept that develops in Latin America following the intermixing that occurred between European colonists and the native American population.

with the abolishment of the encomienda system, Spanish colonists turned to __________________________ as a source of labor

Spanish Explorer who discovered and named Florida while searching for the "Fountain of Youth"

led the first Spanish expedition into what is not Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas

Pueblo religious leader

Name given tobacco because it served as a currency and foundation of the Jamestown economy

Jamestown colony leader who showed that tobacco could be grown successfully in Virginia

laws set by england's ruler that restricted their settlers by not allowing them to marry/intermingle/reproduce(sex) with the natives in the regions that they were settling

A colony under the direct control of a monarch

an indentured servant could eventually become a full member of society

church members who wanted to "purify" or reform the Church of England

As governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, Winthrop (1588-1649) was instrumental in forming the colony's government and shaping its legislative policy. He envisioned the colony, centered in present-day Boston, as a "city upon a hill" from which Puritans would spread religious righteousness throughout the world.

English Protestants who would not accept allegiance in any form to the Church of England. Now known as Pilgrims

Second permanent English colony in North America; A colony established by the English Pilgrims, or Separatists, in 1620. The Separatists were Puritans who abandoned hope that the Anglican Church could be reformed. Plymouth became part of Massachusetts in 1691.

Colony founded in 1630 by John Winthrop, part of the Great Puritan Migration, founded by puritans. Had a theocratic republic. "City upon a hill"

A dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south

She preached the idea that God communicated directly to individuals instead of through the church elders. She was forced to leave Massachusetts in 1637. Her followers (the Antinomianists) founded the colony of New Hampshire in 1639.

English dissenters who broke from Church of England, preached a doctrine of pacifism, inner divinity, and social equity, under William Penn they founded Pennsylvania

equality, cooperation, and religious toleration

Englishman and Quaker who founded the colony of Pennsylvania (1644-1718)

an owner

Penn saw his colony as a _______________________________.

this colony became famous for its religious toleration. Roman Catholic, Lord Baltimore, obtained a religious toleration law from its colonial assembly