Question 1

Which of the following is a superficial mycosis?

Accepted Answer

C) Tinea versicolor

Answer

D) Cryptococcosis

Answer

A) Aspergillosis

Answer

B) Candidiasis

Question 2

Superficial mycoses primarily affect which part of the body?

Accepted Answer

C) Stratum corneum, hair, and nails

Answer

D) Blood

Answer

A) Lungs

Answer

B) Subcutaneous tissue

Question 3

The causative agent of Tinea versicolor is

Accepted Answer

B) Malassezia furfur

Answer

C) Trichophyton rubrum

Answer

D) Epidermophyton floccosum

Answer

A) Microsporum canis

Question 4

Piedra is characterized by

Accepted Answer

B) Nodules on hair shafts

Answer

C) Scaly patches on scalp

Answer

A) Pigmented lesions on the skin

Answer

D) Ulcerative lesions

Question 5

White piedra is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) Trichosporon beigelii

Answer

C) Malassezia furfur

Answer

B) Piedraia hortae

Answer

D) Hortaea werneckii

Question 6

Black piedra is caused by

Accepted Answer

B) Piedraia hortae

Answer

C) Trichosporon cutaneum

Answer

D) Malassezia globosa

Answer

A) Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Question 7

Which of the following causes Tinea nigra?

Accepted Answer

C) Hortaea werneckii

Answer

A) Trichophyton rubrum

Answer

B) Microsporum audouinii

Answer

D) Epidermophyton floccosum

Question 8

The infection Tinea nigra typically affects

Accepted Answer

B) Palms and soles

Answer

C) Groin

Answer

A) Scalp

Answer

D) Nails

Question 9

The characteristic lesion of Pityriasis versicolor appears as

Accepted Answer

B) Hypo- or hyperpigmented macules

Answer

D) Nodular ulcers

Answer

C) Vesicular eruptions

Answer

A) Thick crusted plaques

Question 10

Which of the following stains can demonstrate Malassezia furfur in skin scrapings

Accepted Answer

B) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) with Parker ink

Answer

D) Acid-fast stain

Answer

C) Ziehl–Neelsen stain

Answer

A) Gram stain

Question 11

. In KOH mount, Malassezia furfur shows

Accepted Answer

B) Spores with pseudohyphae resembling “spaghetti and meatballs” appearance

Answer

D) Arthroconidia chains

Answer

A) Hyaline hyphae only

Answer

C) Septate hyphae with macroconidia

Question 12

The infection Tinea versicolor is also known as

Accepted Answer

A) Pityriasis versicolor

Answer

B) Dermatomycosis

Answer

C) Onycomycosis

Answer

D) Chromoblastomycosis

Question 13

The main predisposing factor for Malassezia infection is

Accepted Answer

B) Hot and humid environment

Answer

C) Poor nutrition

Answer

D) Immunodeficiency only

Answer

A) Cold and dry climate

Question 14

. Which of the following fungi is lipophilic?

Accepted Answer

B) Malassezia furfur

Answer

C) Microsporum canis

Answer

A) Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Answer

D) Hortaea werneckii

Question 15

The culture medium enriched with olive oil is used to isolate

Accepted Answer

B) Malassezia species

Answer

C) Piedraia hortae

Answer

D) Candida albicans

Answer

A) Trichophyton rubrum

Question 16

. Black piedra is commonly found in

Accepted Answer

A) Tropical regions

Answer

D) Desert climates

Answer

C) Arctic regions

Answer

B) Temperate regions

Question 17

White piedra usually affects

Accepted Answer

B) Axillary, beard, and pubic hair

Answer

D) Palms and soles

Answer

C) Nails

Answer

A) Scalp hair

Question 18

Which of the following is *not* a superficial mycosis?

Accepted Answer

B) Chromoblastomycosis

Answer

D) Piedra

Answer

A) Tinea nigra

Answer

C) Pityriasis versicolor

Question 19

. The most effective treatment for Pityriasis versicolor is

Accepted Answer

B) Topical antifungal agents like selenium sulfide

Answer

A) Oral antibiotics

Answer

C) Oral corticosteroids

Answer

D) Surgical removal

Question 20

Under Wood’s lamp, lesions of Tinea versicolor show

Accepted Answer

C) Yellowish or golden fluorescence

Answer

A) Green fluorescence

Answer

D) No fluorescence

Answer

B) Coral red fluorescence

Question 21

What are non-communicable diseases (NCDs)?

Accepted Answer

C) Chronic diseases that are not infectious or contagious

Answer

A) Diseases spread by microorganisms

Answer

D) Diseases caused by parasites

Answer

B) Diseases that can be transmitted from one person to another

Question 22

Which of the following is *not* a non-communicable disease?

Accepted Answer

C) Tuberculosis

Answer

D) Cancer

Answer

A) Diabetes

Answer

B) Hypertension

Question 23

The major risk factors for NCDs include all except

Accepted Answer

D) Bacterial infection

Answer

C) Unhealthy diet

Answer

B) Physical inactivity

Answer

A) Tobacco use

Question 24

The four major groups of NCDs recognized by WHO are

Accepted Answer

A) Cardiovascular, Cancer, Diabetes, and Chronic Respiratory Diseases

Answer

C) Asthma, Arthritis, AIDS, and Cancer

Answer

D) None of the above

Answer

B) Cancer, Influenza, Malaria, and Tuberculosis

Question 25

The leading cause of death globally is

Accepted Answer

B) Non-communicable diseases

Answer

A) Communicable diseases

Answer

C) Injuries

Answer

D) Maternal causes

Question 26

Which of the following is a cardiovascular disease (CVD)?

Accepted Answer

A) Stroke

Answer

B) Bronchitis

Answer

C) Tuberculosis

Answer

D) Hepatitis

Question 27

. Hypertension is also known as

Accepted Answer

B) High blood pressure

Answer

C) High cholesterol

Answer

D) Low pulse rate

Answer

A) Low blood sugar

Question 28

Type 2 diabetes is primarily associated with

Accepted Answer

C) Insulin resistance

Answer

D) Viral infection

Answer

A) Insulin deficiency

Answer

B) Autoimmune destruction of beta cells

Question 29

The normal fasting blood glucose level in humans is

Accepted Answer

A) 70–99 mg/dL

Answer

C) 200–250 mg/dL

Answer

D) 50–60 mg/dL

Answer

B) 120–150 mg/dL

Question 30

Which of the following cancers is most common globally?

Accepted Answer

A) Lung cancer

Answer

D) Bone cancer

Answer

B) Brain cancer

Answer

C) Skin cancer

Question 31

of the following factors increases the risk of lung cancer?

Accepted Answer

A) Tobacco smoking

Answer

B) High salt intake

Answer

D) Vitamin deficiency

Answer

C) Lack of exercise

Question 32

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) mainly affects the

Accepted Answer

B) Lungs

Answer

A) Heart

Answer

D) Kidneys

Answer

C) Liver

Question 33

What BMI is considered “obese”?

Accepted Answer

D) 30 and above

Answer

A) Above 18.5

Answer

B) 18.5–24.9

Answer

C) 25–29.9

Question 34

of the following is a modifiable risk factor for NCDs?

Accepted Answer

C) Tobacco use

Answer

B) Genetics

Answer

D) Family history

Answer

A) Age

Question 35

Stroke is caused by

Accepted Answer

B) Blockage or rupture of blood vessels in the brain

Answer

C) Liver infection

Answer

D) Kidney damage

Answer

A) Inflammation of lungs

Question 36

Which organ is primarily affected in cirrhosis?

Accepted Answer

B) Liver

Answer

C) Heart

Answer

A) Lungs

Answer

D) Pancreas

Question 37

The primary cause of cirrhosis is

Accepted Answer

B) Excessive alcohol consumption

Answer

A) Viral infection

Answer

D) Genetic mutation

Answer

C) Vitamin D deficiency

Question 38

Which type of diabetes is insulin-dependent?

Accepted Answer

A) Type 1

Answer

B) Type 2

Answer

C) Gestational

Answer

D) Secondary diabetes

Question 39

Cancer is best described as

Accepted Answer

B) Uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells

Answer

A) Inflammation of organs

Answer

C) Hormonal imbalance

Answer

D) Chronic bacterial infection

Question 40

Which of the following NCDs is often called the “silent killer”?

Accepted Answer

B) Hypertension

Answer

A) Cancer

Answer

C) Asthma

Answer

D) Osteoporosis

Question 41

A healthy diet to prevent NCDs should include

Accepted Answer

C) Fresh fruits and vegetables

Answer

A) High sugar

Answer

D) Processed meat

Answer

B) High trans-fat

Question 42

Physical inactivity can lead to

Accepted Answer

D) All of the above

Answer

A) Cardiovascular diseases

Answer

C) Type 2 diabetes

Answer

B) Obesity

Question 43

Which hormone regulates blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

B) Insulin

Answer

D) Estrogen

Answer

A) Thyroxine

Answer

C) Adrenaline

Question 44

main target of WHO’s “Global NCD Action Plan” is to

Accepted Answer

B) Reduce premature mortality from NCDs by 25% by 2025

Answer

D) Reduce cancer treatment cost only

Answer

C) Increase tobacco use

Answer

A) Eliminate infectious diseases

Question 45

Osteoporosis mainly affects

Accepted Answer

B) Bones

Answer

D) Liver

Answer

C) Lungs

Answer

A) Heart

Question 46

Which of the following is an example of a mental non-communicable disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Anxiety disorder

Answer

B) Influenza

Answer

D) Cholera

Answer

C) Dengue

Question 47

. The term “metabolic syndrome” refers to

Accepted Answer

B) A cluster of conditions increasing risk of heart disease and diabetes

Answer

A) A group of infectious diseases

Answer

C) Vitamin deficiency

Answer

D) Respiratory infections

Question 48

Which of the following lifestyle choices helps prevent NCDs?

Accepted Answer

C) Balanced diet and regular exercise

Answer

D) Skipping breakfast

Answer

B) Sedentary life

Answer

A) Smoking

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