Question 1

What is a variable in research?

Accepted Answer

A factor that can be changed or controlled in a scientific experiment

Answer

A set of data that remains constant throughout an experiment

Answer

An outcome that cannot be measured or observed

Answer

A hypothesis that has been proven to be true

Question 2

Which type of variable is being manipulated by the researcher?

Accepted Answer

Independent variable

Answer

Dependent variable

Answer

Random variable

Answer

Control variable

Question 3

Which type of variable changes in response to the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

Dependent variable

Answer

Random variable

Answer

Control variable

Answer

Independent variable

Question 4

What is a hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A testable prediction about the relationship between variables

Answer

A value that remains constant throughout an experiment

Answer

A theory that explains the relationship between variables

Answer

A proven fact about the relationship between variables

Question 5

What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative data is numerical, while qualitative data is descriptive

Answer

Qualitative data is numerical, while quantitative data is descriptive

Answer

Qualitative data is measurable, while quantitative data is subjective

Answer

Quantitative data measures opinions, while qualitative data measures facts

Question 6

Which type of research method involves observing and describing behavior in a natural setting?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation

Answer

Experiment

Answer

Case study

Answer

Survey

Question 7

Which type of research method involves manipulating one variable to observe the effect on another variable?

Accepted Answer

Experiment

Answer

Case study

Answer

Survey

Answer

Naturalistic observation

Question 8

What is a sampling method in research?

Accepted Answer

The process of selecting participants for a study

Answer

The process of analyzing data for a study

Answer

The process of publishing research findings

Answer

The process of collecting data for a study

Question 9

What is a random sample?

Accepted Answer

A sample in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected

Answer

A sample in which the researcher selects participants based on their characteristics

Answer

A sample in which the researcher selects participants based on availability

Answer

A sample in which the researcher selects participants based on their willingness to participate

Question 10

What is a stratified sample?

Accepted Answer

A sample in which the researcher selects participants based on specific characteristics to ensure representation from different groups

Answer

A sample in which the researcher selects participants based on their characteristics

Answer

A sample in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected

Answer

A sample in which the researcher selects participants based on availability

Question 11

What is the measure of central tendency that is the value that occurs most frequently in a data set?

Accepted Answer

Mode

Answer

Median

Answer

Range

Answer

Mean

Question 12

What is the measure of central tendency that is the sum of all the values in a data set divided by the number of values?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Answer

Mode

Answer

Range

Answer

Median

Question 13

What is the measure of central tendency that is the middle value in a data set when the data is arranged in order?

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Range

Answer

Mode

Answer

Mean

Question 14

What is the measure of dispersion that is the difference between the highest and lowest values in a data set?

Accepted Answer

Range

Answer

Standard Deviation

Answer

Variance

Answer

Mean Absolute Deviation

Question 15

What is the measure of dispersion that is the average absolute difference between each value in a data set and the mean?

Accepted Answer

Mean Absolute Deviation

Answer

Variance

Answer

Standard Deviation

Answer

Range

Question 16

What is the measure of dispersion that is the square root of the average squared difference of each value from the mean?

Accepted Answer

Standard Deviation

Answer

Range

Answer

Mean Absolute Deviation

Answer

Variance

Question 17

What is a frequency distribution?

Accepted Answer

A table that shows how often each value or range of values occurs in a data set

Answer

A graph that shows the relationship between two variables

Answer

A measure of central tendency

Answer

A measure of dispersion

Question 18

What is a histogram?

Accepted Answer

A graph that shows the frequency distribution of a data set with bars representing each value or range of values

Answer

A measure of dispersion

Answer

A table that shows how often each value or range of values occurs in a data set

Answer

A measure of central tendency

Question 19

What is a box plot?

Accepted Answer

A graph that shows the five-number summary of a data set

Answer

A measure of dispersion

Answer

A measure of central tendency

Answer

A table that shows how often each value or range of values occurs in a data set

Question 20

What is correlation?

Accepted Answer

A measure of the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two variables

Answer

A measure of central tendency

Answer

A measure of dispersion

Answer

A method for sampling

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a research design?

Accepted Answer

Observation

Answer

Correlational

Answer

Experimental

Question 22

What is a common research environment used in psychology?

Accepted Answer

Laboratory

Answer

Clinical

Answer

Field

Question 23

What are respondents in a research study?

Accepted Answer

Participants who complete a survey

Answer

Individuals who are observed

Answer

The control group

Question 24

What is an instrument in a research study?

Accepted Answer

A tool used to collect data

Answer

The setting where the study occurs

Answer

The hypothesis being tested

Question 25

What is a disadvantage of using a cross-sectional research design?

Accepted Answer

Cannot determine cause and effect

Answer

May require a large sample size

Answer

Results may be influenced by experimenter bias

Question 26

What is a disadvantage of using a laboratory research environment?

Accepted Answer

May lack ecological validity

Answer

May be difficult to control for participant variables

Answer

May be affected by confounding variables

Question 27

What is a disadvantage of using self-report measures?

Accepted Answer

May be affected by social desirability bias

Answer

May be expensive to develop

Answer

May be difficult to administer to a large sample

Question 28

What is an advantage of using a longitudinal research design?

Accepted Answer

Can track changes over time

Answer

May be less affected by experimenter bias

Answer

May be easier to recruit participants

Question 29

What is an advantage of using non-probability sampling?

Accepted Answer

May be more convenient and less expensive

Answer

May be easier to generalize results

Answer

Ensures a representative sample

Question 30

What is a disadvantage of using convenience sampling?

Accepted Answer

May not be representative of the population

Answer

May be more accessible to researchers

Answer

May be less affected by participant bias

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