the quality of water that makes it able to dissolve more substances than any other solvent can

the tightness across the surface of water that is caused by the polar molecules pulling on one another

The tendency of water molecules to stick to each other.

the tendency of water to stick to other substances

the amount of matter in a given space; mass per unit volume

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1 degree celcius...amount of heat required to increase the temperature of water

the area drained by a river and its tributaries

the area of land that is drained by a water system

small river or stream that flows into a large river or stream; a branch of the river

water that fills the cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers

underground bed or layer yielding ground water for wells and springs etc

the area where a freshwater stream or river merges with the ocean. Often a nursery for young.

the area of the ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf. Most diverse organisms live near the surface.

spots on the ocean floor where hot gases and minerals escape from earth's interior into the water

Tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried by waves and currents

free-swimming animals that can move throughout the water column

organisms that live on the bottom of the ocean or other body of water; bottom-dwellers

the movement of deep, cold, and nutrient-rich water to the surface

A device that determines the distance of an object under water by recording echoes of sound waves

an underwater vehicle built of strong materials to resist pressure at depth

term that describes an organism that lives on land

term that describes an organism that lives in water

an organism that makes its own food

organisms that cannot make their own food and must feed on other organisms for energy and nutrients

oxygen dissolved in water, dissolved oxygen is important for fish and other aquatic animals

a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is

a measure of the clarity of the water (how clear is it?) High turbidity= dirty water

nitrogen compounds used for growth by plants and algae

organisms that are used to assess the health of a water system. The greater the variety, the healthier the water is. Trout are a good one.

Pollutants discharged from a single identifiable location (e.g., pipes, ditches, channels, sewers, tunnels, containers of various types).

Pollution that enters a body of water from a large area, such as lawns, construction sites, and roads. All runoff.

Prepared or created artificially man-made, not found in nature

simple substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

two or more atoms held together by bonds

Horizontal row on the Periodic Table

vertical column on the Periodic Table; elements in the column share similar properties; also known as a Family

vertical column on the Periodic Table; elements in the column share similar properties; also knows as a Group

the ability of a material to allow either heat or electricity to flow through it

Attraction between opposite poles

the ability to dissolve in another substance

the ability of a substance to be hammered or beaten into thin sheets

the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas

the temperature below which a solid turns into a liquid

the ability of a substance to combine chemically with another substance

The amount of space something occupies

Measure of the amount of matter in a substance

A solid that is produced as a result of a chemical reaction in solution

The law that states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes.

any drug that is used to control the spread of a viral disease

medicine that kills or slows the growth of bacteria

substance prepared from killed or weaken viruses and introduced into a body to produce immunity to the virus

Earth's history organized into four eras: Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic

fossils of widely distributed organisms that lived during only one short period

in undisturbed rock layers, the oldest rocks are on the bottom and the youngest rocks are on the top

gap in the rock layer that is due to erosion or periods without any deposition

no longer in existence

gradual change over time

basic unit of structure and function in living things

states that all organisms are made up of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells come from other cells

having only one cell

organisms composed of many cells

single-celled organism lacking a nucleus; the class of cell that includes all bacteria

organism whose cells contain nucleus

the process by which plants capture energy in sunlight and uses it to make food

the process by which cells obtain energy

whiplike structures used for movement in bacteria or protists

any microbe (virus, bacteria, fungus or organism) that can cause a disease

the amount of salt in water, measure of salt in water

a tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell

tiny one-celled organisms that lack a nucleus, some of which can cause diseases; come in three shapes (cocci, bacillus, and spirilia)

an organism that lives on or in a host and causes it harm

an infectious disease that can be transmitted or spread from one organism to another

anything that causes a mutation or change in DNA

a person who has some pathogen to which he is immune but who can pass it on to others

animal that carries pathogens from person to person

capable of destroying or inhibiting the growth of disease-causing microorganisms

A form of technology that uses living organisms, usually genes, to modify products, to make or modify plants and animals, or to develop other microorganisms for specific purposes.

a trait that helps an organism survive in a particular environment

body parts of different organisms that perform similar functions but do not have similar structures (does not support theory of a common ancestor)

body parts of different organisms that have a similar structure but not necessarily a similar function (supports theory of evolution from a common ancestor)

the struggle between individuals of the same or different species for food, space, light, etc.

matter that has the same chemical composition throughout and cannot be separated into its parts by physical means; examples: elements and compounds

a source of energy that can be replace as it is used or that cannot be used up; examples: solar, wind, hydro, geothermal energy

a source of energy that is used much faster than it can be replaced; examples: fossil fuels (oil, coal, natural gas) and uranium (nuclear energy)

a cylinder of ice removed from an ice sheet (glacier) that helps scientists understand past CLIMATES and how ATMOSPHERIC conditions have changed over time

a symbiotic relationship between two organisms in which both organisms benefit; example: clown fish and sea anemone

a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed; example: dog and heartworms

an outbreak of a disease that affects many people in an area

an epidemic that spreads over a large area, or throughout the world

matter made up of two or more substances that are not joined chemically

a mixture in which substances are not distributed evenly; example: a salad, pepperoni pizza, dirt

a mixture in which substances are evenly distributed; example: a solution, milk, sugar water

the process by which organisms that are best suited to a particular environment survive and reproduce most successfully

an extremely rapid growth of algae caused by too many nutrients (nitrates & phosphates) in the water

a characteristic of a substance that can be observed directly (what you see, what you feel, what you smell) or can be measured with a tool without changing the identity of the substance

a characteristic of a substance that cannot be observed without changing the identity of the substance

a pure substance that forms when two or more elements join chemically in a fixed proportion

a change that occurs when one or more substances change into entirely new substances with different properties

a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Found in top of element box.

total mass of the protons and neutrons in an atom, measured in atomic mass units. Found at the bottom of element box.

Less than 7 on the pH scale

Greater than 7 on the pH scale

7 on the pH scale

Submersible that is famous for many expeditions. Especially working on Titanic and hydrothermal vents.

Index fossil. A group of hard-shelled animals whose body had three sections, lived in shallow seas, and became extinct about 245 million years ago.

a method to determine how old a fossil is in years by using radioactive elements called isotopes (Carbon-14)

Anything that limits (restricts) the size of a population

living things in an ecosystem, such as bacteria, fungi, plants and animals

nonliving things in an ecosystem, such as water, temperature, sunlight, pH, nutrients, etc.

the relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent

symbiotic relationship in which one member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed

Fossil that bears a resemblance to two groups that in present day are classified separately. A fossil that shows change between two closely related species. Supports theory of biological evolution.

Another name for a homogeneous mixture.

The substance that is dissolved when making a solution.

The substance that is doing the dissolving when making a solution.

the movement of nitrogen among living organisms, the air, and the ground. Keeps level of nitrogen on Earth at a constant amount.

the process that converts nitrogen in the atmosphere (air) into compounds in the soil that are useful to a variety of organisms.

the conversion of nitrates and other compounds containing nitrogen into nitrogen gas.

the process by which nutrients in a lake build up over time, causing an increase in the growth of algae, decline of dissolved oxygen, and eventual "death of the lake"

the process of changing from solid state to gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state

a substance that has been shown to cause cancer

a substance needed for growth and repair

sugars, starches, composed of hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon, broken down into simple sugars by an organism to release energy

fats and oils used as a secondary source of energy by the body, and used to produce oils that keep hair, skin, and feathers smooth and waterproof. Important also for cells; make up part of the cell membrane.

a type of protein that is used in bodily functions

The geologic principle that the same geologic processes that operate today operated in the past to change Earth's surface