Property that enables something to do work

Happens when a force is used to move an object

1) Force must be applied

See image

Device that reduces the effort force needed to do work

The force that moves an object over a distance

A board or bar that moves around a fulcrum

Fixed point in a lever

A grooved wheel with a rope running along the groove

Pulley attached at a fixed point

Pulley that moves along the rope

Sloping surface that reduces the amount of force needed to do work

To reduce the effort force needed with a ramp, the length of the ramp should be ____.

The transfer to energy as heat occurs between particles as they collide within a substance between two objects in contact....objects HAVE to touch

The transfer of energy as heat by movement of the heated substance itself; heat transfer occurs when particles with high energy move from warmer to cooler areas

The transfer to energy through space without particles of matter colliding or moving to transfer the energy

Convection currents because of uneven heating in the atmosphere

Materials that easily carry heat or electricity...metal, glass

Materials that do not carry heat or electricity easily...wood, fat

Must contain 3 things: source of electrical energy, conductor, transformer

battery, solar cell, generator

this conductor connects all parts of the electrical circuit

This changes the electrical energy into something else...like a buzzer changes the electricity into sound

The only type of circuit electricity can travel through. Connects the power source to transformer and back to the power source

A broken circuit in which electricity is closed or open

This can control whether a circuit is closed or open

Energy can be transformed in an electrical circuit into 4 examples: light, sound, heat, and mechanical motion

If a light bulb is included in a circuit electricity can be transformed into light and heat

If a bell, radio or TV is included in a circuit electricity can be transformed into sound

This can be made when a wire in an electric circuit is wrapped around an iron core making a magnetic field

This changes mechanical energy into electrical energy

This changes electrical energy into mechanical energy

Force of attraction or repulsion of magnetic materials

Surrounds a magnet that applies a force without actually touching an object

A coil of wire spinning around a magnet can form this

An electric current flowing through a wire around an iron core produces this

Huge wheels in a generator pushed by water, wind or steam

If an oven, toaster, or stove is included in a circuit electricity can be transformed into heat

If a machine or motor is included in a circuit, electricity can be transformed into motion

Like poles in a magnet do this

Unlike poles of a magnet do this

The transfer of thermal energy

Energy associated with the motion of the particles of a substance

The energy from the Sun, which provides heat and light energy for Earth

The stored energy of particles in matter that can be released when the particles react to form new substances

The energy flowing in an electrical circuit

The energy due to the motion and position of an object

Stored energy

The energy of an object has due to its motion

Electrical energy transformed in an electrical circuit if a light bulb is added to the circuit

Electrical energy can be transformed in an electric circuit if a bell is added to the circuit

A rubber band is stretched is an example of this type of energy transformation

The stretched rubber band is released is an example of this type of energy transformation

A book is lifted and put on a shelf is an example of this type of energy transformation

A book falling from a shelf is an example of this type of energy transformation

If the potential energy is greater, then the kinetic energy will be __________

No energy is lost in a transformation but some is always transferred into _______ and _________

An explanation or interpretation of an observation based on prior experiences or supported by observations made in the investigation. They aren't final explanations & there may be several logical inferences.

Used to organize data collected during an experiment. If should be planned out prior to the experiment. Columns and rows should have labels.

The first thing students should identify in an controlled scientific investigation, in the form of "Does ______ affect _____?"

The variable that you are comparing your results to

Heat always moves from ___ to ___ objects

When atoms heat up they move

When atoms cool down they move

Energy transferred through electromagnetic radiation like light, UV rays or X rays

These waves can move energy through empty space and comes from the Sun, stars, microwaves, and light bulbs

A book on a shelf has this type of mechanical energy. If the book is lifted higher, it has more GPE

A stretched rubber band has this type of mechanical energy. If the rubber band is stretched further, it has more EPE

States that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred

Dependent variable is also called the responding variable, graphed on the Y axis

Manipulated variable is also called the independent variable, graphed on the X axis