Question 1

What are nerve cells composed of?

Accepted Answer

bundles of neurons

Question 2

What is the function of a sensory neuron?

Accepted Answer

to respond to external & internal stimulus

Question 3

What is the function of a relay neuron (interneuron)?

Accepted Answer

to send messages to relay or motor neurons

Question 4

Where are relay neuron (interneuron) primarily found?

Accepted Answer

nerves found primarily in brain & spinal cord

Question 5

What structures make up the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

brain and spinal cord

Question 6

What is the make up of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

branching nerves

Question 7

What part of neuron that receives a stimulus?

Accepted Answer

dendrite

Question 8

where are the cell bodies of sensory neurons located

Accepted Answer

ganglia near spinal cord

Question 9

part of neuron that sends action potential to the endings if threshold potential is reached

Accepted Answer

axon

Question 10

part of neuron where neurotransmitters are released

Accepted Answer

axon ending

Question 11

eventually, neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft will be ____ or ____.

Accepted Answer

broken down by an enzyme, taken back up by original neuron

Question 12

surrounds the axon arm

Accepted Answer

myelin sheath

Question 13

gaps in myelin sheath

Accepted Answer

nodes

Question 14

nodes are where ____ are located

Accepted Answer

voltage sensitive gated channels for Na and K ions

Question 15

the myelin sheath is made up of

Accepted Answer

schwann lipid rich cells

Question 16

allows motor neurons to synapse with skeletal muscles

Accepted Answer

acetylcholine

Question 17

plays a role in skeletal muscle movement and reward pathway

Accepted Answer

dopamine

Question 18

people with parkinsons cannot effectively control their muscles because of a defect in the ____

Accepted Answer

motor cortex

Question 19

what are the 2 main types of somatic / spinal reflexes?

Accepted Answer

pain withdrawal, kneejerk

Question 20

what path does an action potential take in a pain withdrawal reflex?

Accepted Answer

sensory to relay to motor

Question 21

what path does an action potential take in a knee-jerk response?

Accepted Answer

sensory to motor

Question 22

the spinal lumen and brain ventricles contain ____

Accepted Answer

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 23

the center of the spine contains ____ because it is ____

Accepted Answer

gray matter; rich in cell bodies

Question 24

the outer part of the spine contains ____ because it is ____

Accepted Answer

white matter; rich in myelinated axons

Question 25

motor neurons connect to effectors via the ____

Accepted Answer

ventral root

Question 26

sensory neurons connect to relay neurons via the ____

Accepted Answer

dorsal root

Question 27

very quick response to stimulus without directly synapsing to brain

Accepted Answer

reflex arc

Question 28

at rest, a neuron has a membrane potential of ____, meaning it is more ____ than the outside

Accepted Answer

-70mv; negative

Question 29

the pump in a neuron pumps ____ for every ___

Accepted Answer

2 K, 3 Na

Question 30

when the neuron shifts from negative to positive

Accepted Answer

depolarization

Question 31

during depolarization, ____ open

Accepted Answer

sodium channels

Question 32

when enough Na ions enter the neuron, the ____ is reached

Accepted Answer

threshold potential

Question 33

the ____ open when the threshold potential is reached

Accepted Answer

voltage sensitive gates

Question 34

when Na ions flood the axon, a ___ results where each set of voltage sensitive gates open

Accepted Answer

wave of depolarization

Question 35

the ____ and ____ open slightly after the wave of depolarization, beginning the return to resting potential

Accepted Answer

K channel, voltage sensitive K channel

Question 36

the ____ completes the return to resting potential

Accepted Answer

Na K pump

Question 37

when a stimulus causes k ion channels in the dendrite region to open

Accepted Answer

hyperpolarization

Question 38

what is the threshold potential?

Accepted Answer

+10 mv

Question 39

at the axon endings, ___ enter the neuron

Accepted Answer

Ca2+

Question 40

hyperpolarization ___ a wave of depolarization

Accepted Answer

prevents

Question 41

when inhibitory neurotransmitters bind to a receptor, k ions ____ the cell

Accepted Answer

leave

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