It is a management concept in which a subordinate may contact a superior from other departments in case of emergency, defying the hierarchy of control.

It implies the concentration of decision-making authority at the top management.

It refers to the continuous process of finding, selecting, evaluating, and developing a working relationship with current and future employees.

It is a function that directs and coordinates the efforts of the people to accomplish goals and objectives.

It is a process of measuring the performance of a company’s products, services, or processes against those of another business considered to be the best in the industry.

It is defined as the ability to do a job properly.

It is a type of business structure that is no legal distinction between the owner and the business.

It is a single entity that may be comprised of individuals or a company and is separate from its owners.

It is a legal form of business operation between two or more individuals who share management and profits.

It refers to sustained and concerted actions of organizations that promote the standard of living and quality of life for a community.