1. A mistake in nitrogen base pairing may occur without a known cause. But this spontaneous mutation allows cells to repair damaged DNAs. How can cells repair damaged DNAs?

I. Nitrogen base removal

II. Nucleotide removal

III. Mismatch repair

2. Which describe/s gene mutation?

I. Deletes a segment of a chromosome without a centromere

II. Changes structure and function of a protein

III. Creates a different protein

3. If the DNA strand AAA TCG AGG CCA is transcribed to an mRNA, which shows an occurrence of addition?

4. Which pair about the types of mutation is incorrectly matched?

5. Why is nonsense mutation harmful to the organism?

I. It shortens the amino acid sequence

II. It changes the structure of the protein

III. It changes the function of the protein produced

6. How does silent mutation affect protein production in the cell? Silent mutation _____

7. Which chemical mutagen can remove an amino group in a nitrogen base?

8. High energy radiation ejects the electrons in an atom causing free radicals. Which are examples of high-energy radiation?

9. How can bacteria cause mutation in their host?

10. What is the correct arrangement of events on how pyrimidine dimers cause mutation?

i. A covalent bond is formed between two pyrimidine bases

ii. Adjacent pyrimidine bases absorb UV radiation

iii. DNA strand with the dimer is not replicated

iv. A kink in the DNA is formed due to pyrimidine dimer