The period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union

Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War

The bureau's focus was to provide food, medical care, administer justice, manage abandoned and confiscated property, regulate labor, and establish schools.

Abolished Slavery

(1) All persons born in the U.S. are citizens; (2) no person can be deprived of life, liberty or property without DUE PROCESS OF LAW; (3) no state can deprive a person of EQUAL PROTECTION of the laws. Second of three "Reconstruction Amendments" passed after Civil War.

Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or previous condition of servitude

Southern society formed in 1866 to prevent freed men and women from exercising their rights and to help whites regain power

A northerner who went to the South immediately after the Civil War; especially one who tried to gain political advantage or other advantages from the disorganized situation in southern states

A derogatory term for Southerners who were working with the North to buy up land from desperate Southerners

A system used on southern farms after the Civil War in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in return for a small portion of the crops.

After the Civil War, a group that believed the South should be harshly punished and thought that Lincoln was sometimes too compassionate towards the South.

system of farming in which a person rents land to farm from a planter

former slaves that were freed after the Civil War.

Unwritten deal that settled the 1876 presidential election contest between Rutherford Hayes (Rep) and Samuel Tilden (Dem.) Hayes was awarded the presidency in exchange for the permanent removal of federal troops from the South.

a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal

Supreme Court doctrine established in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson. Allowed state-required racial segregation in places of public accommodation as long as the facilities were equal.

Laws designed to enforce segregation of blacks from whites

required citizens of a state to pay a special tax in order to vote

Method used to deny African-Americans the vote in the South that tested a person's ability to read and write

A clause in registration laws allowing people who do not meet registration requirements to vote if they or their ancestors had voted before 1867.

African American progressive who supported segregation and demanded that African American better themselves individually to achieve equality.

Booker T. Washington built this school to educate black students on learning how to support themselves and prosper

African American farmer and food scientist. His research improved farming in the South by developing new products using peanuts.

Argument put forward by Booker T. Washington that African-Americans should not focus on civil rights or social equality but concentrate on economic self-improvement

Opposed Booker T. Washington. Wanted social and political integration as well as higher education for 10% of African Americans-what he called a "Talented Tenth". Founder of the Niagara Movement which led to the creation of the NAACP.

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, founded in 1909 to abolish segregation and discrimination, to oppose racism and to gain civil rights for African Americans, got Supreme Court to declare grandfather clause unconstitutional

1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated.

an early leader in the civil rights movement. She documented the extent of lynching in the United States, and was also active in the women's rights movement and the women's suffrage movement.

putting to death a person by the illegal action of a mob

Official magazine started by NAACP that called for social reform and featured poetry