Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a Social factor in ESG?

Accepted Answer

Labour rights and working conditions

Answer

Board independence

Answer

Carbon emissions

Answer

Waste recycling

Question 2

Which global initiative first formalized ESG as a structured investment concept?

Accepted Answer

“Who Cares Wins” report, 2004

Answer

SDGs, 2015

Answer

Rio Summit, 1992

Answer

Paris Agreement, 2015

Question 3

Socially Responsible Investing (SRI) historically relied on which method?

Accepted Answer

Negative screening of “sin industries”

Answer

Positive screening alone

Answer

Circular economy principles

Answer

ESG scoring frameworks

Question 4

Which statement best captures the evolution of ESG prior to its formalization?

Accepted Answer

It evolved from EHS → Corporate Sustainability → CSR → SRI

Answer

It began directly with SDGs

Answer

It emerged solely from carbon markets

Answer

It replaced all CSR practices

Question 5

Which Indian regulation mandated top 1,000 listed companies to file BRSR reports?

Accepted Answer

SEBI’s 2021 amendment to LODR

Answer

CSR Rules 2014

Answer

National Voluntary Guidelines (NVG), 2009

Answer

Companies Act 2013

Question 6

Which gases are classified under GHG emissions?

Accepted Answer

CO₂, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, HFCs

Answer

Hydrogen and Helium

Answer

Ammonia and Bromine

Answer

Oxygen and Nitrogen

Question 7

Scope 2 emissions refer to:

Accepted Answer

Indirect emissions from purchased electricity

Answer

Emissions from employee commuting

Answer

Emissions outsourced to supply chain partners

Answer

Direct emissions from company-owned sources

Question 8

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) evaluates a product’s impact:

Accepted Answer

Across its entire life cycle

Answer

Only during manufacturing

Answer

During packaging and transport only

Answer

Only during disposal

Question 9

Which planetary boundary has already been crossed according to the module?

Accepted Answer

Climate change & biosphere integrity

Answer

Atmospheric oxygen depletion

Answer

Lunar radiation imbalance

Answer

Marine fishing

Question 10

Circular economy primarily aims to:

Accepted Answer

Eliminate waste and regenerate nature

Answer

Encourage rapid consumption

Answer

Promote disposable materials

Answer

Increase landfill usage

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT part of 6R?

Accepted Answer

Restore

Answer

Recycle

Answer

Rot

Answer

Reuse

Question 12

Green buildings (LEED/GRIHA) emphasize:

Accepted Answer

Resource efficiency and occupant well-being

Answer

Low-cost construction only

Answer

Maximizing energy and water use

Answer

Decorative architecture

Question 13

Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) helps companies:

Accepted Answer

Measure climate impact of a product

Answer

Increase raw material consumption

Answer

Eliminate supply chain partners

Answer

Reduce product quality

Question 14

The “polluter pays” principle is central to:

Accepted Answer

Carbon pricing

Answer

HR policy reforms

Answer

CSR budgeting

Answer

Subsidy allocations

Question 15

Freshwater boundary stress is driven primarily by:

Accepted Answer

Human interventions altering hydrological cycles

Answer

Ocean alkalinity

Answer

Space exploration

Answer

Recycling technologies

Question 16

Agroforestry contributes to climate mitigation by:

Accepted Answer

Integrating trees with crops to enhance carbon capture

Answer

Reducing vegetation

Answer

Removing trees from farms

Answer

Increasing fertilizer dependency

Question 17

E-waste is environmentally critical because it:

Accepted Answer

Contains toxic metals and valuable non-renewable materials

Answer

Has infinite recyclability

Answer

Is biodegradable

Answer

Never enters landfills

Question 18

Ocean acidification results mainly from:

Accepted Answer

CO₂ absorption by oceans

Answer

Chemical fertilizers

Answer

Methane released by livestock

Answer

Ozone layer depletion

Question 19

LEED certification evaluates buildings based on:

Accepted Answer

Points across categories like carbon, waste, water, energy

Answer

Employee salary structure

Answer

Indoor greenery

Answer

Paint color

Question 20

Net-zero refers to:

Accepted Answer

Balancing emissions with removals

Answer

Zero economic growth

Answer

Banning fossil fuels entirely

Answer

Eliminating supply chains

Question 21

Human capital development focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Skills, training, and employee well‑being

Answer

Asset diversification

Answer

Increasing taxation

Answer

Reducing workforce size

Question 22

Which act protects women from workplace harassment in India?

Accepted Answer

PoSH Act, 2013

Answer

Industrial Disputes Act

Answer

ESI Act

Answer

Bonus Act 1965

Question 23

FPIC ensures:

Accepted Answer

Free, prior, informed consent for projects affecting indigenous lands

Answer

Government’s unilateral project approval

Answer

Forced relocation of communities

Answer

Removal of community rights

Question 24

Living wage assurance in supply chains requires:

Accepted Answer

Compensation covering basic human needs

Answer

Pay based on company profit

Answer

Bonus-driven wages

Answer

Wages equal to industry average only

Question 25

Occupational health and safety focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Hazard identification, PPE, and emergency planning

Answer

Office décor

Answer

Annual tourism benefits

Answer

Increasing workplace automation

Question 26

Product liability primarily concerns:

Accepted Answer

Safety of products delivered to consumers

Answer

CEO compensation

Answer

Plant electricity use

Answer

HR grievance management

Question 27

Data privacy requires companies to:

Accepted Answer

Use encryption and strong authentication

Answer

Sell user data

Answer

Ban all data collection

Answer

Share data without consent

Question 28

Child labour prevention in supply chains requires:

Accepted Answer

Minimum age verification and audits

Answer

Stopping all hiring in rural areas

Answer

Employing family members only

Answer

Reducing wages

Question 29

Gender equity includes:

Accepted Answer

Equal pay for equal work

Answer

Reduced training for women

Answer

Preferential hiring of one gender

Answer

Mandatory unpaid leave

Question 30

Community relations emphasize:

Accepted Answer

Transparent engagement with stakeholders

Answer

Limiting local hiring

Answer

Closed-door decision-making

Answer

Ignoring local concerns

Question 31

Marginalized communities often face:

Accepted Answer

Barriers to education and healthcare

Answer

Excessive labour mobility

Answer

Overrepresentation in leadership

Answer

Higher wealth accumulation

Question 32

The ICC under PoSH must:

Accepted Answer

Address workplace sexual harassment complaints

Answer

Handle CSR projects

Answer

Conduct annual recruitment drives

Answer

Approve all hiring decisions

Question 33

Social opportunities arise from:

Accepted Answer

Improving access to finance, communication, healthcare

Answer

Closing rural healthcare centers

Answer

Excluding underserved communities

Answer

Increasing product prices

Question 34

Businesses must respect human rights by:

Accepted Answer

Recognizing indigenous land rights

Answer

Reducing safety compliance

Answer

Promoting discriminatory practices

Answer

Using forced labour

Question 35

Harassment-free workplaces require:

Accepted Answer

Zero tolerance policies and awareness programmes

Answer

Gender-segregated roles

Answer

Confidentiality removal

Answer

Salary-based complaint handling

Question 36

Corporate governance primarily deals with:

Accepted Answer

Systems of directing and controlling companies

Answer

Market expansion only

Answer

Increasing taxation

Answer

Supporting political campaigns

Question 37

Board independence ensures:

Accepted Answer

Directors act without conflict of interest

Answer

Only internal staff serve on board

Answer

CEOs choose all board members

Answer

Shareholders cannot vote

Question 38

Succession planning requires:

Accepted Answer

Identifying and developing future leaders

Answer

Executing leadership change suddenly

Answer

Promoting only external candidates

Answer

Rotating employees frequently

Question 39

Diversity on boards enhances:

Accepted Answer

Multi-perspective decision-making

Answer

Homogeneity

Answer

Reduced innovation

Answer

Lower compliance

Question 40

Executive compensation must be:

Accepted Answer

Linked to fair, transparent, performance-based metrics

Answer

Completely unrelated to performance

Answer

Entirely stock-based

Answer

Excessively high

Question 41

Related-party transactions can create:

Accepted Answer

Conflicts of interest

Answer

Mandatory dividends

Answer

Better governance automatically

Answer

Efficiency gains only

Question 42

Anti-bribery policies require:

Accepted Answer

Strong internal controls and employee training

Answer

Allowing facilitation payments

Answer

Outsourcing all compliance

Answer

Eliminating audits

Question 43

Whistleblower protection laws aim to:

Accepted Answer

Safeguard individuals reporting misconduct

Answer

Reduce transparency

Answer

Punish reporting employees

Answer

Encourage retaliation

Question 44

Predatory pricing is considered:

Accepted Answer

A form of anti‑competitive behaviour

Answer

A fair competitive strategy

Answer

A supply chain risk

Answer

A CSR initiative

Question 45

Information accuracy in governance matters because:

Accepted Answer

Decisions rely on reliable and timely data

Answer

It reduces accountability

Answer

It discourages audits

Answer

It promotes secrecy

Question 46

Cybersecurity governance includes:

Accepted Answer

Regular software updates and incident response plans

Answer

Ignoring data breaches

Answer

Deleting all employee emails

Answer

Weak passwords

Question 47

Country‑by‑country reporting improves:

Accepted Answer

Transparency in multinational tax practices

Answer

Reduction in employee wages

Answer

Tax avoidance

Answer

Profit shifting opportunities

Question 48

Proxy voting empowers shareholders to:

Accepted Answer

Influence company decisions

Answer

Fix product prices

Answer

Resign employees

Answer

Amend criminal laws

Question 49

A strong code of conduct helps prevent:

Accepted Answer

Corruption and unethical behaviour

Answer

Corporate taxes

Answer

Employee training

Answer

Ethical clarity

Question 50

Key governance principles include:

Accepted Answer

Transparency, accountability, fairness

Answer

Profit-only orientation

Answer

Minimal disclosure

Answer

Opaqueness and hierarchy

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