Question 1

Why did the economies of western territories develop so differently from the economies of the Northeast and South?

Accepted Answer

Western territories had inexpensive land and abundant natural resources.

Answer

Western territories had natural harbors and many navigable rivers.

Answer

Western territories had rocky soil and a large supply of slave labor

Answer

Western territories had limited land and a large immigrant population.

Question 2

How did the War of 1812 affect the U.S. economy?

Accepted Answer

Manufacturing increased.

Answer

Agricultural imports increased.

Answer

The use of federal paper currency increased.

Answer

Imports of raw materials increased.

Question 3

Which of these best completes the diagram above?

Accepted Answer

The demand for slaves increases in the South.

Answer

The number of European immigrants arriving at southern port cities increases.

Answer

More textile factories are established in the South.

Answer

More tobacco and food crops are cultivated on southern plantations.

Question 4

Which type of economy is best described by these characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Free enterprise

Answer

Subsistence farming

Answer

Mercantilism

Answer

Socialism

Question 5

Which economy and contributing factor best complete this table?

Accepted Answer

1. Mining; 
2. Metal ores and minerals

Answer

1. Large farms; 
2. Slaves used for labor

Answer

1. Cottage industry; 
2. Mild weather that attracted immigrants

Answer

1. Ranching; 
2. Railroads to transport cattle to market

Question 6

Which factor most encouraged the growth of this trade?

Accepted Answer

The profitability of cash-crop agriculture

Answer

The invention of the steam engine

Answer

The development of the factory system

Answer

The establishment of protective tariffs

Question 7

Which factor best completes this diagram?

Accepted Answer

New transportation systems

Answer

Increased government regulation

Answer

The growth of labor unions

Answer

A decline in agricultural production

Question 8

Which sentence best completes the diagram?

Accepted Answer

The supply of British goods decreases.

Answer

Congress reduces tariffs.

Answer

Congress ends the European embargo.

Answer

Exports to Great Britain increase.

Question 9

One result of the trend shown in this table was the —

Accepted Answer

expansion of available labor

Answer

creation of specialized trade guilds

Answer

decrease in educational opportunities for women

Answer

increase in production costs for manufacturers

Question 10

Which of the following contributed most to the expansion of the transatlantic slave trade during the 1700s?

Accepted Answer

Demand for slaves in the American colonies that produced cash crops

Answer

A lack of protective tariffs in the American colonies

Answer

A lack of skilled labor in the American colonies

Answer

Demand for slaves in the industrialized American colonies

Question 11

Why were these tactics effective?

Accepted Answer

Confederate states were unable to use agricultural exports as a source of revenue.

Answer

Union forces were able to earn money for supplies by selling confiscated bales of cotton.

Answer

Confederate states were unable to collect tariffs on manufactured goods.

Answer

Union forces were able to use the blockade to gain international support.

Question 12

The economies of the new western states were very different from those of the northeastern states in the mid-1800s. One major difference was that western states —

Accepted Answer

focused on mining and agriculture

Answer

used natural harbors for shipping

Answer

relied on subsistence farming

Answer

traded freely with other nations

Question 13

How did the development of the factory system encourage urbanization?

Accepted Answer

Workers moved closer to manufacturing centers.

Answer

Labor unions were formed to protect mill workers.

Answer

Industrialists invested in cotton plantations.

Answer

Manufacturers produced goods to export overseas.

Question 14

After the War of 1812, thousands of settlers and immigrants moved to the western frontiers of the United States in search of farming and business opportunities. In response, the government began building roads. This transportation network was intended to —

Accepted Answer

promote the free-enterprise system

Answer

prevent border disputes between states

Answer

establish federal control over industry

Answer

discourage the organization of new territories

Question 15

How did the plantation system influence the economic development of the United States?

Accepted Answer

It turned the South into a major producer of the cotton used in northern mills.

Answer

It prevented the development of industry in the Northeast.

Answer

It restricted agricultural expansion in the western territories.

Answer

It increased federal dependency on tariffs for revenue.

Question 16

Which region’s primary economic activity in 1861 was the cultivation of cotton?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

1

Answer

2

Answer

3

Question 17

How did the War of 1812 most affect the U.S. economy?

Accepted Answer

Disruption in trade contributed to domestic industrial growth.

Answer

The sale of treasury bonds to international companies was prohibited.

Answer

New trade alliances resulted in increased foreign investment.

Answer

Small farmers benefited from higher export prices for grain crops.

Question 18

Which of the following was a major reason for the flow of the transatlantic slave trade shown on the map?

Accepted Answer

The economic demands of the plantation system

Answer

Increased western migration

Answer

The construction needs of the railroad

Answer

Increased textile manufacturing

Question 19

What was one result of these regional differences?

Accepted Answer

Immigrants settled in the Midwest to establish small farms.

Answer

Cities in the South emerged as centers for textile mills.

Answer

Plantation systems in the South were replaced by large businesses.

Answer

Slavery increased in the Northeast as industrialization expanded.

Question 20

Which factor accounts for this trend?

Accepted Answer

The Industrial Revolution encouraged people to pursue jobs in cities.

Answer

Jacksonian Democracy allowed more people to vote in elections.

Answer

The Second Great Awakening motivated people to join reform movements.

Answer

Manifest Destiny inspired many people to become homesteaders.

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