Topic Review: Energetic Processes
Quiz by Biology - Texas Education Agency
High School
Biology(2017)(ARCHIVED)
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (TEKS)
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27 questions
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- Q1Enzymes are proteins that help increase the rate of chemical reactions inside cells. These proteins are composed of many simpler molecules called amino acids. Which of the following suggests that the shape of an enzyme determines the enzyme's function?Enzymes can be found in all life-formsEnzymes are activated by neighboring moleculesEnzymes can operate in a wide range of conditionsEnzymes are specific to a substrate.60sBIOL.9c
- Q2Which of the following correctly describes how a diagram of cellular respiration would differ from a diagram of photosynthesis?The cellular-respiration diagram would show glucose as the main source of energyThe cellular-respiration diagram would show electromagnetic waves as the final productThe cellular-respiration diagram would show energy stored in large protein moleculesThe cellular-respiration diagram would show water as the main source of chemical energy60sBIOL.9b
- Q3Proteins and polysaccharides are polymers. These polymers are formed by dehydration synthesis. Which statement correctly identifies a difference in the structure of proteins and polysaccharides?Only proteins can be large molecules with thousands of subunitsOnly proteins are formed from amino acids joined by peptide bondsOnly polysaccharides are comprised of repeating units of cytosine, adenine, guanine, and thymineOnly polysaccharides can be folded and twisted to very specific shapes60sBIOL.9a
- Q4Which of these best represents a fatty-acid molecule?60sBIOL.9a
- Q5Carbohydrates are more easily metabolized than lipids. However, on a gram-for-gram basis lipids provide cells with more -energyproteinsnitrogenstructure60sBIOL.9a
- Q6Lactose is found in milk products. It is converted by the body into a usable form in a series of chemical reactions. The diagram shows the series of reactions that convert lactose into a usable form. If Enzyme 2 is denatured, the levels of which substance will increase?GalactoseGlucose-6-phosphateLactoseGalactose-1-phosphate60sBIOL.9c
- Q7Which of the following biomolecules typically contains both nitrogen and phosphate?CarbohydrateNucleic acidLipidProtein60sBIOL.9a
- Q8Most plant leaves take in more carbon dioxide as light increases. They give off carbon dioxide if light intensity is too low. The graph shows a plant's carbon dioxide levels at different light intensities. At point X, the rate of which process is equal to the rate of photosynthesis?Cellular respirationTranspirationReproductionGrowth60sBIOL.9b
- Q9Pepsin and trypsin are two of the digestive enzymes that break down protein. A group of students studied the pH requirements of these enzymes. The graph below shows the results. The students found that pepsin functions best in an acid environment and trypsin functions best in a neutral environment. Based on their observations, pepsin most likely aids in digestion in which part of the human body?StomachMouthIntestinesPancreas60sBIOL.9c
- Q10A student preparing for a hike wants to pack a snack that has biomolecules that provide quickly available energy but few excess calories. Which nutrition label lists the best combination of biomolecules that provide quickly available energy while providing the fewest calories from other types of biomolecules?60sBIOL.9a
- Q1160sBIOL.9b
- Q12Fireflies emit light. The production of light by an organism is called bioluminescence. To generate visible light, cells in a firefly's tail produce thousands of luciferase enzymes. Luciferase binds to a chemical called luciferin. Once bound, the luciferase enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction that combines an oxygen molecule and luciferin to produce oxyluciferin. This reaction requires energy and releases light. Which of the following best describes how the luciferase enzyme speeds up the chemical reaction?Luciferase increases the number of sites on luciferin that must bind to oxygenLuciferase decreases the amount of energy required for the reaction to startLuciferase increases the amount of time the light is visibleLuciferase decreases the temperature of the environment inside the body of the firefly60sBIOL.9c
- Q13The differences between two molecules include the type of sugar that forms a section of the molecules and the identity of one of the four nitrogenous bases that make up another section of the molecules. These two molecules are -lipidsproteinscomplex carbohydratesnucleic acids60sBIOL.9a
- Q14The diagram represents one way an enzyme can be inhibited. Which statement explains the effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme?A substrate will be unable to attach to the enzymeThe enzyme will likely be attacked by immune cellsA substrate will be able to bond with the enzymeThe enzyme will be unable to produce more enzymes60sBIOL.9c
- Q15Four different nucleotides are used as building blocks of DNA. Which of the following can be used to distinguish one nucleotide from another?The length of the phosphate groupThe type of fatty acidThe nitrogenous baseThe shape of the deoxyribose sugar60sBIOL.9a
