Involves a business or person who uses, without permission, another person's name, likeness, and other unique characteristics for the benefit or gain of the user

Civil wrongdoings that cause harm or injury to another party

Predatory behavior undertaken by a business to draw either customers or employees away from a competitor

Making false, malicious statements about a person or organization

When personal property is taken from the owner and given to someone else to use

A type of business that is operated by several people and owned by stockholders

A form of business ownership in which the business is owned by two or more persons

Form of business ownership in which the business is owned by one person

Owned and operated by its user-owners to supply goods and services to its members

Involves understanding the concepts and processes needed to identify, select, monitor, and evaluate sales channels

Involves understanding the concepts and strategies needed to communicate information about goods, services, images, and/or ideas to achieve a desired outcome

The marketing function that involves determining and adjusting prices to maximize return and meet customers' perceptions of value

The marketing function that involves obtaining, developing, maintaining, and improving a product or service mix in response to market opportunities

Middlemen and incude sales agents, wholesalers, and retailers who perform specific functions in the movement of goods form producers to consumers

Involve producers and either industrial or ultimate consumers

Practice of pricing, promoting, and distributing products in such a way that they do not harm the natural environment

Deals with safety features and product labeling standards that protect the consumer

The practice of enlightening the community of business actions to promote social welfare

Marketing goods and services in foreign countries

Conceal the real complaint a customer has by stating another believable but secondary complaint for their dissatisfaction

A complaint when the customer expresses an honest dissatisfaction

A complaint which results from poor service

A complaint in which the customer is dissatisfied with the business in general

A business's agreement (spoken or unspoken) with customers that will consistently meet their expectations and deliver on its brand characteristics and values

When products are available at the time they are needed or wanted by customers

Usefulness created by altering or changing the form or shape of a good to make it more useful to customers

Usefulness created by making sure that goods and services are available at the place where they are needed or wanted by customers.

Usefulness created when ownership of a product is transferred from the seller to the user

Ensuring that products met predetermined standards for excellence; also part of operations

Acquiring necessary goods and services; part of operations

Supervising inventory levels to make sure there is an appropriate balance; part of operations

Rivalry between two or more business to attract scarce (limited) customer dollars

Desire to make profit, which moves people to invest in business

Rapid rise in prices usually occurring when demand exceeds supply

A special government tax on certain items, such as gasoline, certain businesses, cars, etc.

Government financial help given to a business

A piece of paper (real or virtual) that says the governing body or corporation will borrow your money at a particular interest rate for a particular period of time; Interest-bearing certificates issued by government that promise to pay bond owners a certain sum at a specified time

the amount by which the price of something is reduced

Union members elected by their peers to handle any grievances or problems members might have with management

Responsibilities include leading the union as a whole rather than assisting individuals

Involved in union negotiations, clarifying issues, and making suggestions concerning the contract

Assists with (union) negotiations; In binding arbitration, this person's decisions regarding the contract are final and cannot be changed

The ability to put yourself in another person's place

Comprehending one's personal needs interests, values, and motives and recognizing their effects on one's behavior

The amount and value of goods and services produced (outputs) from set amounts of resources (inputs)

Decision-making outcome that requires the substantial agreement of each group member

Few people in the group make the decision

A desire for the future that is achieved over time with determination and hard work

When money is saved rather than spent

When money is used to obtain goods and services

Trading one good or service for another good or service

When money functions as this, the individual holding the money assesses what s/he is willing to pay for a good or service

Provides a variety of financial services to individuals and business. Besides providing savings accounts and other saving options, banks also make loans and offer credit cards. Many large banks have trust departments and help individuals plan for retirement. It may be possible to obtain all necessary financial services from that institution

Collects various types of taxes

A business condition that can create economic risks

The process of keeping and interpreting financial records

Financial obligations a business has

Cash or any asset that can quickly be converted into cash

Money owed to the business for purchases made by customers

Sums of money paid to investors or stockholders as earnings on investments

The ratio that reflects the number of days between a company paying for raw materials and receiving cash from selling the products made from those raw materials

The amount of money that a business earns on sales after expenses; expressed as a ratio

The process of planning, staffing, leading, and organizing the employees of a business

Paths, or routes, that goods or services take from the producer to the ultimate consumer or industrial user

The systematic gathering, recording, and analyzing of data about a specific issue, situation, or concern

Any factor that is subject to change

An in-depth analysis of a person, group, or event

A marketing research method that tests cause and effect by testing marketing new products or comparing test groups with control groups

Proposed explanation for something

Measure attitude

A method of collecting information about customers' buying habits and inventory status because the scanning system can track large volumes of goods

Information that have been collected for purposes other than the project at hand.

This function involves gathering, accessing, synthesizing, evaluating, and disseminating information to aid in making marketing decisions

This function involves determining customer needs and wants and responding through planned, personalized communication that influences purchase decisions and enhances future business opportunity

The things the business want to attain

The combination of marketing communication channels that a business uses to send its messages to consumers

Dividing the market into groups that have similar characteristics

The market divided on the basis of a lifestyle choice

Dividing a market on the basis of location

The physical and social characteristics of a population

A type of behavioral segmentation, which involves dividing customers into groups according to their response to a product

The way in which the information is communicated

Presenting unbiased information

A method of gathering, storing, and analyzing data for the purpose of making business decisions

An economic system in which individuals and groups, rather than government, own or control the means of production. Considered a mixed economy because individuals and business are the primary economic decision makers, while the government helps to regulate and control the system

An analysis of external forces that influence a business's success; Collecting information about the environment (e.g. competitors and economic decisions) surrounding the business

An economic factor that may be a threat or an opportunity

Checking a sample item for defects after it has already been produced

The process businesses use to prevent defective products from being created

One that creates something entirely new

Enhances, adds to, or extends an existing project

Relies on the use of new technology

Takes on new visions or pursuits for the business

A focus on how things are done, rather than just outcomes

Maximizing customer value while minimizing waste

A focus on increasing efficiency and effectiveness in all areas of the organization

Performing the stages of product design and development simultaneously, instead of one after another

Involves the development of totally new or improved products

Changing the way that a product is produced or delivered

Involves identifying new, different ways to position a product or a company

A shift in the way of thinking that causes a change

When a company prices its products below cost, making it difficult for other companies to complete with the low prices causing the other companies to possibly go out of business

When a business charges one price for all items it sells

A pricing strategy that involves setting prices higher than those of the competition

The difference between the cost of a product and its selling price

A creative-thinking process that involves generating ideas by making associations

Warranties that are in writing or expressed verbally

A product-mix strategy in which a business creates a certain image or impression of a product in the minds of consumers

A product mix-strategy in which a business removes, or deletes, product items or product lines from its product mix

A product mix-strategy in which a business makes changes to its products or product lines

A product mix-strategy in which a business expands its product mix by adding additional product items or product lines

Adds information to that expressed in the headline

A slogan used in an advertisement

The interactions that customers have with the business; can be divided into three categories: pre-purchase, purchase, and post-purchase experiences

Used to stimulate consumer purchases of goods or services

Any paid form of nonpersonal presentation of ideas, images, goods, or services

Includes promotional activities other than advertising

Any nonpersonal presentation of ideas, goods, or services that is not paid for by the company or individual which benefits from it

The form of promotion that uses planned, personalized communication in order to influence purchase decisions and enhance future business opportunities

An advertising medium that utilizes telephone service to promote a product either by phoning prospective customers or providing a number for them to call

Allow consumers to register their phone numbers with a "do not call" registry

A promotional medium that comes to consumers' homes in the form of letters, catalogs, postcards, and folders

A promotional tactic that involves sending or forwarding promotional messages over the Internet (e.g. email, social-media websites, and blogs) to generate buzz about a brand, company, or product

Involves establishing good relationships between the business and the public

Consists of a body of customers upon which the organization can rely for significant repeat business

Deals with the rules and regulations that have been established by governmental agencies.

Involves selling a product through just one middleman in a geographic area and allows the manufacturer to maintain tight control over the product

Involves selling a product through every available wholesaler and retailer in a geographic area where consumers might look for it

Involves selling a product through a limited number of wholesalers and retailers in a geographical area

Intermediaries who help move goods between producers and retailers

Intermediaries who assist in the sale and/or promotion of goods and services but do not take title to them

Intermediaries that sell products to industrial users (businesses)

A small computer chip that is attached to the item. The tag contains product information such as price, style, model number, etc., and allows channel members to track the item's movement from the time it leaves the production line to the point of purchase

Bar-coded tag that are read by a scanner

A method to measure and evaluate a channel member's performance

Provides an overview of the entire report and contains the most important information included in the body of the report

An effort to build loyal, trusting, personal, and long-term associations with the clients or customers that have the potential to generate profit for the business

The marketing function that involves obtaining, developing, maintaining, and improving a product or service mix in response to market opportunities

The process of planning, staffing, leading, and organizing the employees of the business

The process of planning, controlling, and monitoring the day-to-day activities required for continued business functioning

An economic principle stating that after a certain point, hiring additional employees will result in a decrease in the overall level of production

Currency

Bonds issued by corporations to fund operating expenses

A collection of shareholders' money that invested by professional fund managers in an assortment of different securities, such as stocks and bonds

Issued by local governments

A fee that the government charges on retail products

A tax on land and buildings

A tax on the income a person earns, such as wages earned by performing work for an employer

A psychological phenomenon that evolves when conformity and the cohesiveness of the group become more important than the group's objective, purpose, or problem

An unethical and, in some jurisdictions, an illegal practice in which a researcher pretends to conduct research but is really trying to solicit a donation for a group or organization

The process of introducing a new product to a limited market to determine what its acceptance will be

Involves gathering data by watching consumers

Involve asking consumers questions to learn their opinions and the reasons behind those opinions

A group of consumers formed for the purpose of discussing a specific topic, usually a good or service

Data from within the business that has been collected for purposes other than the project at hand

Outline condition under which the seller will repair or replace a product

Involves collecting information to help the business define its issue, situation, or concern, and decide how to proceed with its research

The course of action for gathering marketing information from a section or portion of a target market

A type of comparative rating scale that requires the respondent to assign a value (e.g., percentage or points) to the options provided on the questionnaire

Rates respondents' attitudes or feelings according to a degree

Provides seven spaces, which are bounded by descriptive antonyms at each end, such as durable and fragile. The respondent places an "X" at the point or space on the continuum that best describes his/her feelings about the object or idea s/he is rating.

A type of category scale and provides respondents with options such as very often, often, sometimes, rarely, and never

HTML codes that display information about web pages

A list of items that a business needs to purchase for inventory

A financial summary that shows how much money the business has made or has lost over a period of time

The process of detecting incorrect or insufficient data

When interviewers survey an inappropriate sample of the population

When people provide false information on purpose

When respondents forget the answer to a question (e.g. What did you have for lunch last Tuesday)

Provide options from which the respondent can chose

Open-ended questions that allow respondents to provide qualitative information and in-depth responses

A group that gathers to discuss a specific topic

Involves a face-to-face discussion between the research interviewer and a respondent

Buying inexpensive goods on a frequent basis, such as computer printer paper

Involves much customer involvement because the items are expensive and purchased infrequently, such as cars, laptop computers, and homes

Involves designing products and directing marketing activities to appeal to the whole market

A determination of a business's current situation and the direction in which the business is headed

A prediction of future sales over a specific period of time

Based on expert opinions and feedback, as well as personal experience

A symbol, design, or word used by a producer to identify a good or service

A formal charge in which the judicial system accuses an individual with a crime of withholding critical evidence that can affect the outcome of a trial

An order issued by a judge that instructs law-enforcement officers to bring to jail an individual who has been charged with a crime

Consist of two or more related computer programs that work together to record information or perform specific business tasks or functions

Summarizes the details about the business's needs, bid requirements, and deadlines

When businesses optimize their resources and productivity levels and reduce wasted resources, including time, materials, money, etc.

A deliberate action that involves overcharging customers, usually for smaller goods, with the expectation that the customer will not notice or fuss about it.

The practice of pricing goods extremely low with the goal of driving the competition out of business

Involves producers pressuring retailers to sell goods at the suggested retail price

An illegal agreement in which businesses agree on prices of their goods or services, resulting in little choice for customers

Makes calculations using a variety of product and pricing data

The benefit that is lost when you decide to use scarce resources for one purpose rather than another

When sales of a product peak and then slowly start to decline

When sales of a product drop sharply, and businesses then tend to reduce advertising

A general direction in which people or events are moving

An indication of how changes in price will affect changes in the amounts demanded and supplied

Agreements among two or more parties stating that one party is to do something in return for something provided by another party

A form of business ownership in which the business is owned by two or more persons

A promise to the consumer that a product's purchase price will be refunded if the product is not satisfactory

Delivery, Installation, and Price

Takes place through one or more channel members, such as supermarkets

Refers to a computer network that connects certain businesses, and allows the members of a distribution channel to efficiently communicate

Refers to the computer network that allows employees to collaborate and exchange information within the business

Involves customers returning used products to the manufacturer

A short report that presents facts without analysis

A report that is more complex, has several different parts, and provides an analysis of the facts int he report

An account of sales calls or other business activities carried out by staff

Refers to the usefulness of a product

The process of planning, maintaining, monitoring, controlling, and reporting the use of financial resources

The process of planning, controlling, and organizing an organization or department

The process of creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organizations and its stakeholders

Occurs when a salesperson gains an agreement to purchase from a customer

A pricing method in which a seller uses prices of competing products as a benchmark instead of considering own costs or the customer demand

This type of pricing includes the variable costs associated with goods, as well as a portion of the fixed costs of operating the business

The process of helping a customer purchase a product or service and/or providing assistance after a purchase has been made

To gather information; surveys, interviews, observations, federal and state government agencies, research companies, business publications, trade association publication

A pricing method in which the price of the product is changed according to its demand

Advertising that sends a promotional message to a targeted group of prospects and customers rather than a mass audience

Selling technique in which the seller matches a feature with an advantage or benefit that the customer wants or thinks is desirable

When a salesperson first interacts with a customer by welcoming them to the store and saying that they are available for questions

A phrase in an advertisement that grabs the consumer's attention, creates interest and encourages them to read a promotional message

A photograph, drawing, or other graphic that is used in a promotional message

Identifying the most profitable areas to offer a new product or service

The process and methods that generates, stores, analyzes, and distributes information to promote good decision making for a business

A formal document that specifies a company's activities for a determined amount of time

Adding a constant percentage to the price of an item to determine its selling price

Concerns or doubts that a customer has for not making a purchase

Data that is gathered for the first time

Information about a good/service; can include its application, function, features, use

Stages that product goes through: Introduction, Growth, Maturity, Decline

The different goods/services that a company provides

Creating and changing the information about a company's catalog of offereings

An outline of the marketing tools, strategies, and resources that a company tends to use to promote a product or service

Return on Marketing Investment; the profitability returned to the business based on funds spent on marketing

Data that has been previously collected for a non marketing activity and is now available for the business's use

A business's decisions regarding forms of payment, returns and exchanges, sales quotas, sales commission, and ethical issues

When a salesperson encourages a customer to purchase with information regarding services available

The study of internal and external factors that affect marketing strategy

A catchy phrase or words that identify a product or business

Numbers that represent a fact or presents a view of a situation

The process of communicating with a particular group who is most likely to become customers

A promise that is given to a customer that a product will meet certain standards