Our Sun is classified as a spectral class G star with a surface temperature between 5000 to6000 K and an absolute magnitude of about five. Based on this information, complete the H-R diagram model by placing one X to indicate where the Sun is located.

As the Sun evolves into a red giant, which of the following correctly describes the changes in its relative temperature and absolute magnitude?

The model below shows the layers of the Sun and information about some features of each layer.

Based on the information in the model, which list of fi ve of the Sun’s layers are in the correct sequence to allow energy generated by fusion to eventually reach the Sun’s surface as radiation?

The model below represents the orbits of celestial bodies around our Sun. The inset model shows some information about the region of the solar system inside the orbit of Jupiter.

The table shows the eccentricity of the orbits of Mercury and Venus around the Sun.

Check the boxes to indicate the two statements which are correctly predicted by Kepler’s Laws.

The model below represents the orbits of celestial bodies around our Sun. The inset model shows some information about the region of the solar system inside the orbit of Jupiter.

Based on the Our Solar System Model, if a new planet was identified that orbited the Sun at an average orbital distance greater than that of Mercury but less than that of Venus, the average speed of this planet would be

Another factor climate scientists have identified that contributes to changes in energy flow in Earth systems is ocean current circulation.

The model, Diagram 1, and Diagram 2 show some information about circulation patterns in ocean currents. Points X and Y are locations on Earth’s surface.

Which statement most accurately describes the influence of melting glaciers at X on the strength of Earth’s ocean currents?

Another factor climate scientists have identified that contributes to changes in energy flow in Earth systems is ocean current circulation.

The model, Diagram 1, and Diagram 2 show some information about circulation patterns in ocean currents. Points X and Y are locations on Earth’s surface.

Which statement most accurately describes the influence of present surface ocean currents on the climate at location Y?

Since the Industrial Revolution, deposition of dark particles such as dust, dirt, and rock in glacial ice (contaminated snow) have caused glaciers to darken. This has led to feedbacks that have caused changes to other Earth systems.

Which model correctly represents the feedbacks that occur when dark surfaces are exposed in glacial areas and cause changes to one or more Earth systems?

The model below shows the movement of carbon (arrows) through the four Earth spheres. The numbers indicate the amount of carbon naturally added or removed from the spheres in gigatons (GT) per year. The numbers in bold indicate the amount of carbon added or removed by human activity. Numbers in parentheses ( ) are amounts of stored carbon.

Which statement correctly identifies the quantitative cycling of carbon between two of Earth’s spheres as a result of natural processes and human activities?

The model below shows the movement of carbon (arrows) through the four Earth spheres. The numbers indicate the amount of carbon naturally added or removed from the spheres in gigatons (GT) per year. The numbers in bold indicate the amount of carbon added or removed by human activity. Numbers in parentheses ( ) are amounts of stored carbon.

Which explanation describes how climate change from increased atmospheric carbon dioxide has influenced human activity?