Sudden wave of conquests in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1890s. Britain obtained most of eastern Africa, France most of northwestern Africa. Other countries (Germany, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, and Spain) acquired lesser amounts.

A large area in Central Africa that was privately controlled by Leopold II of Belgium under direct rule. He was able to secretly treat the people of the colony very badly until he was forced to give it up.

Leader of the peaceful civil disobedience movement in India called Satyagraha

(1884-1885) During European Imperialism, various European leaders met in Berlin, Germany to discuss plans for dividing Africa peacefully. These leaders had little regard for African independence, and had no representation for native Africans. This began the process of imperializing Africa.

The name given to the period and territory of direct British colonial rule in South Asia between 1858 and 1947--from the time of the attempted Indian Revolt (Sepoy Mutany) to the Independence of India.

A social theory which states that the level a person rises to in society and wealth is determined by their genetic background; racial ideology used to justify Imperialism

A policy of treating subject people as if they were children, providing for their needs but not giving them rights.

Economic, Nationalism, Geopolitical, Exploration, & Ideology of Empire

The deliberate process of economic, political, and sociocultural domination over peoples by other nations

Both countries were established in the late 1800's; wanted to prove their strength through imperialism (nationalistic)

Democratic and nationalist revolutions that swept across Europe, but the revolutions failed. Conservative governments now want to retain control by being as strong as possible

Desire for raw materials and new markets due to changes in technology and manufacturing that started in England in the 1750s--basis for the economic motivation for Imperialism

Ruled by individuals from the colonizing country

Rule by native rulers who are controlled by the colonizing country; "Invisible Empire"

Intense patriotism towards your country; desire to demonstrate power and prestige through Imperialism

Justification of Imperialism with the feeling of superiority and obligation to "civilize"

King of Belgium who was active in encouraging the exploration of Central Africa in order to claim a colony; infamous ruler of the Congo Free State

Indirectly ruled over India after being granted a royal charter to formally pursue trade; eventually became heavily involved in political and military life in India until 1857 when the British Government took direct control

The main economic commodity in the Congo Free State as demand for rubber products, such as cars and bicycles, increased in Europe

Famous explorer of Africa who was the first to cross the continent; he helped King Leopold II establish the Congo Free State.

Indian soldiers hired by the British

Violent rebellion Indian revolting against British rule after their bullets were greased with cow and pig fat; resulted in the transformation of India into a direct rule colony under the British monarch Queen Victoria

After the Sepoy Mutiny, was named the "Empress of India"

Governor of a country or province who rules as the representative of his or her king or sovereign; used in India

the British colony of India- so called because of its importance in the British empire, both as a supplier of raw materials and as a market for British trade goods

ritual suicide committed by women upon the death of the husband; outlawed in India by the British